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We define a natural operation of conditioning of tropical diagrams of probability spaces and show that it is Lipschitz continuous with respect to the asymptotic entropy distance.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25121641 | DOI Listing |
Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne viral disease rapidly creating a significant global public health burden, particularly in urban areas of tropical and sub-tropical countries. Hydroclimatic variables, particularly local temperature, precipitation, relative humidity, and large-scale climate teleconnections, can influence the prevalence of dengue by impacting vector population development, viral replication, and human-mosquito interactions. Leveraging predictions of these variables at lead times of weeks to months can facilitate early warning system preparatory actions such as allocating funding, acquisition and preparation of medical supplies, or implementation of vector control strategies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVaccines (Basel)
August 2025
MRC/UVRI & LSHTM Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe P.O. Box 49, Uganda.
Background: Assessment of efficacy in HIV prevention trials remains a challenge in the era of widespread use of active controls. We investigated use of counterfactual groups to assess treatment efficacy.
Methods: We used data from placebo arms of two previous HIV prevention efficacy trials (Pro2000 vaginal microbicide trial, 2005-2009: ISRCTN64716212 and dapivirine vaginal ring trial, 2013-2016: NCT01539226) and four observational cohorts (two in each of the periods; (a) during the conduct of a simulated HIV vaccine efficacy trial (SiVET), 2012-2017, and (b) prior to SiVET (2005-2011)) and compared HIV prevention efficacy trial targeted outcomes with SiVETs.
Pharmaceutics
July 2025
Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1 Motoyamakita-machi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan.
: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess an intrinsic tumor-tropic ability, and therefore, MSCs may potentially be used as biomimetic carriers for active drug delivery systems targeting tumors. We previously developed a method to efficiently load liposomes onto the surface of MSCs via electrostatic interactions. The prepared liposome-loaded MSCs (Lip-MSCs) spontaneously accumulated in solid melanoma tumors with low vascular permeability while stably carrying liposomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Environ Res Public Health
July 2025
Department of Environmental Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan 00936-5067, Puerto Rico.
Extreme heat poses growing health risks in tropical regions, yet public perception of this threat remains understudied in the Caribbean. This study examines how residents in Puerto Rico perceived heat-related health risks and how these perceptions relate to vulnerability and protective behaviors during the extreme heat events of the summer of 2020. We conducted a cross-sectional telephone survey of 500 adults across metropolitan and non-metropolitan areas of Puerto Rico, using stratified probability sampling.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNPJ Clim Atmos Sci
August 2025
Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Evidence has emerged of a discrepancy in tropical Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) trends over the satellite era, where most coupled climate models struggle to simulate the observed La Niña-like SST trends. Here we highlight wider implications of the tropical Pacific SST trend discrepancy for global circulation trends during boreal winter, using two complementary methods to constrain coupled model SST trends: conditioning near-term climate prediction (hindcast) simulations, and pacemaking coupled climate simulations. The robust circulation trend response to constraining the tropical Pacific SST trend resembles the interannual La Niña response.
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