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Polylactic acid (PLA) is a range of unique bioplastics that are bio-based and biodegradable. PLA is currently driving market expansion for lactic acid (LA) due to its high demand as a building block in production. One of the most practical and environmentally benign techniques for synthesising PLA is through enzymatic polymerisation of microbial LA monomers. However, microbial LA fermentation does have some limitations. Firstly, it requires the use of a nutritionally rich medium. Secondly, LA production can be disrupted by bacteriophage infection or other microorganisms. Lastly, the yield can be low due to the formation of by-products through heterofermentative pathway. Considering the potential use of PLA as a replacement for conventional petrochemical-based polymers in industrial applications, researchers are focused on exploring the diversity of LA-producing microorganisms from various niches. Their goal is to study the functional properties of these microorganisms and their ability to produce industrially valuable metabolites. This review highlights the advantages and disadvantages of lactic acid-producing microorganisms used in microbial fermentation for PLA synthesis.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00203-023-03745-z | DOI Listing |
Biotechnol Bioeng
September 2025
GICOM Research Group, Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering School of Engineering, Building Q Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
Amylases are key industrial enzymes, and thermostable variants are particularly valuable for robust bioprocessing. This study investigates amylase production via solid-state fermentation (SSF) using non-sterile potato peel as substrate, comparing the performance of the autochthonous microbial population with that of the inoculated fungus Thermomyces lanuginosus. Non-inoculated batch reactors reached maximum productivities of 3920 U g¹DM day¹, more than double of the inoculated ones (1823 U g¹DM day¹), highlighting the potential of native thermophiles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiotechnol Adv
September 2025
College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, Ch
Precision fermentation represents an innovative cell-based production approach that employs synthetic biology and metabolic engineering tools, revolutionizing global food production by utilizing "microbial cell factories" to produce added-value ingredients. However, its global implementation is hindered by technological and scalability bottlenecks, regulatory fragmentation, regional accessibility and consumer acceptance, and nutritional trade-offs challenges. This review utilizes illustrated case studies and modeling analysis to present a detailed exploration of precision fermentation intersecting with global cell-based food production, discussing actionable research gaps and insights as well as advanced bioengineering practices and analytical techniques, to address these challenges for ongoing academic research, industrial applications and policy initiatives, thus supporting the transition of fermentation-enabled food production toward efficient and sustainable manufacturing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBioresour Technol
September 2025
State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Qingdao Innovation Institute of East China University of Science and Technology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; National Center of Bio-Engineering & Technology (Shanghai), East China University of Science and T
α-Amylase is a high-value enzyme widely applied in food, feed, textile, and bioenergy industries, yet achieving stable high-level production in Aspergillus niger remains difficult due to nonlinear fermentation dynamics and limited real-time control. To this end, an AI-driven fermentation optimization framework was established by combining multivariate machine learning, Raman spectroscopy-based glucose monitoring, and time-series transcriptomics. Twelve algorithms were benchmarked, with Random Forest showing the best predictive power, while SHAP interpretation highlighted glucose as the dominant regulatory factor.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBioresour Technol
September 2025
School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, the University of Georgia, College of Engineering, Athens, GA 30602, USA. Electronic address:
Microbial production is a sustainable and economical approach to producing value-added compounds by functional enzyme application, precise metabolism regulation, effective strain development, and optimal bioprocess control. However, practical microbial production faces multiple problems. Specifically, insufficient functional enzymes limit biosynthetic pathway construction, while inadequate metabolic regulatory tools and suboptimal bioprocess control constrain productivity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnal Chem
September 2025
Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China.
Electroactive bacteria (EAB) hold great promise for the development of electrochemical biosensors given their unique ability to transfer electrons extracellularly via specialized pathways, a process termed extracellular electron transfer (EET). Ongoing research aims to overcome current limitations and fully harness the potential of EABs for high-performance biosensing applications. Herein, we report the fabrication of an electrochemical microsensor based on biomineralized electroactive bacteria, specifically MR-1.
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