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Multispecific antibody constructs are quickly becoming more common constructs in biopharmaceuticals to improve specificity and efficacy. While the advent of this technology has led to improved therapeutics, its development has challenged the analytical tools through which these therapeutics are characterized. Moreover, new critical quality attributes, such as aggregation, have challenged the approaches to characterization even further. Herein, we describe a novel native subunit analysis using IdeS and IgdE analyzed by native size exclusion chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry to interrogate the mechanism of aggregation in a multispecific antibody. Digestion by IdeS and IdgE allows for the retention and detection of noncovalent interactions thereafter. Aggregation was localized to single-chain fragment variables (scFvs) wherein a domain swapping mechanism between V/V and V/V occurs.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jasms.3c00206 | DOI Listing |
mBio
September 2025
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Accurate timing estimates of when participants acquire HIV in HIV prevention trials are necessary for determining antibody levels at acquisition. The Antibody-Mediated Prevention (AMP) Studies showed that a passively administered broadly neutralizing antibody can prevent the acquisition of HIV from a neutralization-sensitive virus. We developed a pipeline for estimating the date of detectable HIV acquisition (DDA) in AMP Study participants using diagnostic and viral sequence data.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Med
November 2025
Department of Basic Medical Science, Guangxi Health Science College, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530023, P.R. China.
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy is a type of cellular immunotherapy showing promising clinical effectiveness and high precision. CAR‑T cells express membrane receptors with high specificity, which enable them to identify certain target antigens generated by cancerous cells. The three primary structural elements of the CAR are the extracellular domain, transmembrane domain and cytoplasmic domain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMAbs
December 2025
Antibody Discovery & Protein Engineering, Merck Healthcare KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany.
The discovery and development of multispecific antibodies present unique challenges in optimizing their physicochemical properties to enhance developability and manufacturability. Common developability challenges include increased risk of aggregation, high viscosity, poor solubility, low expression yields, complex purification requirements, greater propensity for fragmentation, immunogenicity, or pharmacokinetics. In this study, we systematically investigate the solution behavior of engineered bispecific IgG1-VHH constructs derived from a parental NKp30 ×EGFR natural killer cell engager (NKCE) molecule, focusing on colloidal stability, hydrophobicity, thermal stability, pH sensitivity, and viscosity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmaceuticals (Basel)
August 2025
Advanced Diagnostics and Therapeutics Institute, Health Sector, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia.
Conventional immunotherapy, including immune checkpoint blockade and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells, has revolutionized cancer therapy over the past decade. Yet, the efficacy of these therapies is limited by tumor resistance, antigen escape mechanisms, poor persistence, and T-cell exhaustion, particularly in the treatment of solid tumors. The emergence of unconventional immunotherapies offers novel opportunities by leveraging diverse immune cell subsets and synthetic biologics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAntibodies (Basel)
August 2025
Tavotek Biotherapeutics, 727 Norristown Road, Spring House Innovation Park, Building 3, Suite 101, Lower Gwynedd, PA 19002, USA.
Background/objectives: The complexity of diseases such as cancer and auto-immune disorders drives the need for unique, target-driven therapeutics. A broader arsenal to generate better biologics-based therapeutics is needed to provide more efficient and effective antibody generation technologies. The critical parameter for antibody generation is to generate as much candidate diversity to each target as possible.
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