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Chronic hepatitis D (CHD) is a severe form of viral hepatitis that leads to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. CHD is underdiagnosed, and this study aimed to assess the impact of hepatitis D reflex testing in HBsAg-positive individuals in Spain over the next 8 years. Two scenarios were compared: the current situation (7.6% of HBsAg-positive patients tested for anti-HDV) and reflex testing for all positive samples. A decision tree model was designed to simulate the CHD care cascade. Implementing reflex testing would increase anti-HDV detection to 5498 cases and HDV-RNA to 3225 cases. Additionally, 2128 more patients would receive treatment, with 213 achieving undetectable HDV-RNA levels. The cost per anti-HDV case detected would be €132. In the median time of the analysis, liver complications (decompensated cirrhosis, HCC and liver-related deaths) would be reduced by 35%-38%, implying an estimated cost savings of 36 million euros associated with the management of such complications. By 2030, implementing anti-HDV reflex testing would reduce the clinical and economic burden of CHD by 35%-38%.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/liv.15776 | DOI Listing |
Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are a heterogeneous group of inherited metabolic diseases (IMD) characterized by defects in the synthesis and modification of glycoproteins and glycolipids. One of these disorders is ATP6AP1-CDG, a rare X-linked disease with approximately 30 cases reported so far. Symptoms associated with ATP6AP1-CDG include immunodeficiency, liver dysfunction, and neurological manifestations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Exp Anal Behav
September 2025
Fundación Universitaria Konrad Lorenz, Bogotá, Colombia.
The purpose of this study was to test Carrigan and Sidman's (1992) hypothesis that the emergence of equivalence relations from the standard matching-to-sample (MTS) procedure is due to the exclusive acquisition of select conditional relations during training. Four groups were compared on tests of the properties of equivalence relations (reflexivity, symmetry, and transitivity/equivalence) and on trials with novel stimuli replacing S+ or S- on these tests: standard MTS training; exclusive-select-relations training; exclusive-reject-relations training; and detached-MTS training, which included training on both select and reject relations. Equivalence emergence occurred more frequently in the detached-MTS group.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Clin Pathol
September 2025
Department of Pathology, Tata Memorial Center, Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Aims: gene is amplified in 15%-20% of invasive breast cancers (IBCs), serving as critical prognostic and predictive marker. -targeted therapies have improved outcomes for -positive patients, highlighting the importance of accurate assessment. Immunohistochemistry is commonly used for screening overexpression, with equivocal cases reflex tested using in situ hybridisation (ISH) methods like fluorescence (FISH) or dual-colour dual ISH (D-DISH).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTransl Vis Sci Technol
September 2025
Wilmer Eye Institute, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Purpose: The purinergic receptor P2X4 is critical to transduction of ocular pain. The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic potential of the P2X4 receptor antagonist BAY-776 in alleviating chronic ocular pain.
Methods: Chronic ocular pain was induced in male rats (8-9 weeks old; n = 12 per group) via double lacrimal gland removal (DLGR).
Front Neurol
August 2025
Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Background: Gait deficits and leg spasticity are frequent symptoms in Primary and Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis (PPMS and SPMS). Transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation (tSCS) may alleviate these symptoms through the reduction of spinal hyperexcitability. We conducted a single-center, randomized, sham-controlled clinical crossover study (German Clinical Trials Register: DRKS00023357, https://www.
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