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Background: Lichens are symbiotic organisms composed of a fungus and a photosynthetic partner, which are key ecological bioindicators due to their sensitivity to environmental changes. The endolichenic fungi (ELF) living inside lichen thalli, are an important but understudied component of playing crucial ecological roles such as nutrient cycling and protection against environmental stressors. Therefore ELF community investigation is vital for fostering sustainable ecosystems and leveraging their ecological benefits. Deciphering the intricate relationships between ELF and their lichen hosts, alongside the influence of environmental factors on these communities, presents a significant challenge in pinpointing the underlying drivers of community structure and diversity.
Results: Our research demonstrated that locational factors were the main drivers of the ELF community structure, rather than host haplotype. Several climatic factors affected the diversity of the ELF community and contributed to the prevalence of different types of fungal residents within the ELF community. A decrease in isothermality was associated with a greater prevalence of pathotrophic and saprotrophic fungi within the ELF community, resulting in an overall increase in community diversity. By conducting a structural equation modeling analysis, we identified a robust link between climatic variables, fungal trophic mode abundance, and the species diversity of the ELF community.
Conclusion: This study's discoveries emphasize the significance of examining climate-related factors when investigating ELF's structure and function. The connection between fungi and climate is intricate and complex, and can be influenced by various other factors. Investigating the potential for ELF to adapt to changing climatic conditions, as well as the potential effects of changes in ELF communities on lichen function, would be valuable research areas. We anticipate that our research results will establish a basis for numerous future ELF research projects and have a significant impact on the field.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40793-023-00535-4 | DOI Listing |
Saudi J Gastroenterol
September 2025
Department of Medicine, Liver Disease Research Centre, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
The reclassification of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) marks a significant shift in understanding liver disease, particularly in Saudi Arabia, where metabolic disorders are highly prevalent. This study aimed to develop expert consensus recommendations for early detection, specialist referral, and management of MASLD/metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) in Saudi Arabia. A modified Delphi process was used to establish consensus among an expert panel of 15 multidisciplinary specialists, including hepatologists, endocrinologists, gastroenterologists, and primary care physicians.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
August 2025
Satyamjayatu: The Science & Ethics Foundation, Shoranur-2, Palakkad 679122, Kerala, India.
The paradigm-shift idea of murburn concept is no hypothesis but developed directly from fundamental facts of cellular/ecological existence. Murburn involves spontaneous and stochastic interactions (mediated by murzymes) amongst the molecules and unbound ions of cells. It leads to ffective harge eparation (ECS) and formation/recruitment of iffusible eactive pecies (DRS, like radicals whose reactions enable ATP-synthesis and thermogenesis) and emission of radiations (UV/Vis to ELF).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemistry
August 2025
NFMLab, Dept. Chemistry, Materials, Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via L. Mancinelli 7, Milano, I-20131, Italy.
The definition and classification of noncovalent interactions are essential for consistent communication in supramolecular chemistry. A recent paper introduced the term "hydridic hydrogen bond" to describe interactions where hydrogen atoms bound to electropositive elements (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Antimicrob Chemother
August 2025
Pharmacokinetics and Clinical Pharmacy Laboratory, University of Bordeaux Bordeaux 33000, France.
Background: Optimal antimicrobial drug exposure in the lung is required for ensuring successful treatment of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Little is known about the intrapulmonary pharmacokinetics (PK) of ceftobiprole when administered by continuous infusion (CI).
Objective: To determine the PK of high doses (3 g/day) CI of ceftobiprole in the plasma and epithelial lining fluid (ELF) in mechanically ventilated patients with CAP.
Health Expect
August 2025
School of Health and Welfare, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden.
Background: The transition to undertaking rehabilitation in the home or local neighbourhood calls for an extensive understanding of which aspects of the built environment are important for people with stroke.
Objective: This qualitative study aims to explore how home and local neighbourhood environments support or hinder rehabilitation for people who have had a stroke from the perspectives of various stakeholders.
Methods: Through a purposive selection method, data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 16 stakeholders: people with stroke (n = 3), significant others (n = 3), healthcare professionals (n = 4), care managers (n = 3) and architects (n = 3).