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Unlabelled: The world is frequently afflicted by several viral outbreaks that bring diseases and health crises. It is vital to comprehend how viral assemblies' fundamental components work to counteract them. Determining the ultrastructure and nanomechanical characteristics of viruses from a physical standpoint helps categorize their mechanical characteristics, offers insight into new treatment options, and/or shows weak spots that can clarify methods for medication targeting. This study compiles the findings from studies on the ultrastructure and nanomechanical behavior of SARS-CoV-2, ZIKV (Zika virus), and CHIKV (Chikungunya virus) viral particles. With results that uncovered aspects of the organization and the spatial distribution of the proteins on the surface of the viral particle as well as the deformation response of the particles when applied a recurring loading force, this review aims to provide further discussion on the mechanical properties of viral particles at the nanoscale, offering new prospects that could be employed for designing strategies for the prevention and treatment of viral diseases.
Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12551-023-01075-4.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10480132 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12551-023-01075-4 | DOI Listing |
Plant Physiol
August 2025
Department of Vegetable and Field Crops, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel.
Fruit cuticles control water and gas diffusion and protect against biotic and environmental stresses. The cuticle is built from the cutin polymer-a composite of C16 and C18 ω-hydroxy fatty acids that are linked via ester bonds, embedded polysaccharides and phenolics-as well as waxes made primarily from very-long-chain fatty acids that are deposited on the cuticle and incorporated within the cutin matrix. Considerable progress toward understanding fruit cuticle function has been achieved in recent years, but knowledge gaps remain regarding the biosynthesis and assembly of the cuticular constituents and how these processes are linked to the cuticle's macromolecular architecture and nanomechanical properties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
August 2025
UWA Dental School, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia.
The functional monomer 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (10-MDP) and its calcium salt (Ca-MDP), formed via interfacial nanolayering, are critical for achieving long-term dental bonding durability. Despite extensive clinical use, the crystallinity, three-dimensional (3D) organization, and hierarchical ultrastructure of Ca-MDP remain inadequately characterized at the nanometric scale. This study aims to investigate the crystallinity, structural nature of Ca-MDP salt and their potential role in the durability of 10-MDP-based adhesives.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Oral Health
June 2025
Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, No. 373, Xueyuan West Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou, 325000, China.
Objectives: This study investigated the nanomechanical properties, microstructure, and composition of dentinogenesis imperfecta type II (DGI-II) peritubular dentin (PTD) and intertubular dentin (ITD) and examined the correlations between them.
Materials And Methods: Six samples from each of the normal and DGI-II groups were prepared by cutting the midcoronal dentin perpendicular to the dentin tubules. The number and morphology of the dentin tubules were then observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Mycologia
June 2025
Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Federal Research Center Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2/31, Lobachevsky Str., Kazan 420111, Russia.
Melanins are the pigments with diverse protective functions in a wide range of organisms. The ability of lichens to synthesize melanins is an important adaptation in response to adverse light conditions, including ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and high light. Previously, we demonstrated that melanization of the lichen is accompanied by the accumulation of melanin granules in the upper cortex.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Appl Polym Mater
March 2025
Group of Biointerfaces, Institute for Chemistry and Bioanalytics, FHNW University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Hofackerstrasse 30, Muttenz 4132, Switzerland.
Poly(lactide--glycolide) nanoparticles (PLGA NPs) loaded with Perfluoro-15-crown-5-ether (PFCE) have been developed for imaging applications. A slight modification of the formulation led to the formation of two distinct particle ultrastructures: multicore particles (MCPs) and core-shell particles (CSPs), where poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), a nonionic surfactant, and sodium cholate (NaCh), an anionic surfactant, were used, respectively. Despite their similar composition and colloidal characteristics, these particles have previously demonstrated significant differences in their distribution and clearance.
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