Characteristics, comorbidities, and complications in multiple sclerosis (MS) and non-MS patients undergoing lumbar fusion for deformity.

Background: We compared the characteristics, comorbidities, and complications in spinal deformity patients with and without multiple sclerosis (MS) undergoing primary lumbar spine fusion.

Methods: We used the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) from 2003 to 2014, International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification diagnosis and procedure codes to create experimental MS (842 patients) and non-MS control (165,726 patients) cohorts undergoing primary lumbar spine fusion. Characteristics, comorbidities, and complications in spinal deformity patients with and without MS were evaluated using univariate and bivariate analysis.

Results: MS spinal deformity patients undergoing primary lumbar spine fusion were younger, more likely to be female and more likely to undergo surgery at urban teaching hospitals. They also exhibited higher rates of depression and lower rates of diabetes without chronic complications, hypertension, and renal failure. However, no significant differences were found in mortality or total perioperative complication rates between MS and nonMS patients.

Conclusion: We found that MS versus non-MS patients undergoing primary lumbar fusion for spinal deformity were younger, more likely to be female and had higher rates of depression but lower rates of diabetes, hypertension, and renal failure. Notably, both groups experienced comparable mortality and perioperative complication rates.