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Considerable evidence demonstrates the importance of the cognitive home environment in supporting children's language, cognition, and school readiness more broadly. This is particularly important for children from low-income backgrounds, as cognitive stimulation is a key area of resilience that mediates the impact of poverty on child development. Researchers and clinicians have therefore highlighted the need to quantify cognitive stimulation; however existing methodological approaches frequently utilize home visits and/or labor-intensive observations and coding. Here, we examined the reliability and validity of the StimQ2, a parent-report measure of the cognitive home environment that can be delivered efficiently and at low cost. StimQ2 improves upon earlier versions of the instrument by removing outdated items, assessing additional domains of cognitive stimulation and providing new scoring systems. Findings suggest that the StimQ2 is a reliable and valid measure of the cognitive home environment for children from infancy through the preschool period.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10365315 | PMC |
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0286708 | PLOS |
Front Hum Neurosci
September 2025
Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) is a neurological syndrome characterized by the gradual deterioration of language capabilities. Due to its neurodegenerative nature, PPA is marked by a continuous decline, necessitating ongoing and adaptive therapeutic interventions. Recent studies have demonstrated that behavioral therapies, particularly when combined with neuromodulation techniques such as transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), can improve treatment outcomes, including the long-term maintenance and generalization of therapeutic effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Surg
August 2025
Department of Neurology, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia.
Introduction: Peri-lead edema (PLE) is a commonly observed but often asymptomatic complication of deep brain stimulation (DBS). While usually transient and benign, severe cases of PLE can result in neurological symptoms, impacting patient outcomes. This case series explores the clinical course, management, and outcomes of symptomatic PLE in a series of five patients undergoing DBS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAging is associated with cognitive decline, impaired spatial learning, and diminished brain function, significantly impacting quality of life (QoL). Emerging evidence suggests that lifestyle interventions, like omega-3 fatty acids (FAs) intake and regular exercise, can mitigate these age-related deficits by targeting key molecular pathways implicated in oxidative damage, inflammation, and reduced fibrinolytic activity. By doing so, omega-3 FAs, principally eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, influence signaling pathways that enhance synaptic plasticity, prevent apoptosis, and promote neurogenesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIndian J Psychiatry
August 2025
Department of Psychiatry, Serenity Clinic, New Delhi, India.
Background: Cognitive deficits significantly contribute to the disability related to schizophrenia.
Aim: We aim to evaluate the efficacy of high-frequency rTMS intervention in the improvement of cognitive symptoms in schizophrenia.
Methods: One-hundred patients of predominantly negative schizophrenia having cognitive deficits were enrolled for this randomized, sham controlled, double-blind trial.
iScience
September 2025
University Toulouse, CNRS, Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale, Centre de Biologie Intégrative, Toulouse, France.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a major neurodegenerative disorder influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Mentally stimulating activities are believed to reduce cognitive decline by establishing a cognitive reserve, although the underlying neurobiological mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, we investigate the role of parvalbumin-expressing inhibitory neurons (PV+) and their perineuronal nets (PNN) in the establishment of cognitive reserve using a mouse model of AD.
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