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Objectives: In this study, we aimed to translate and culturally adapt the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) Hallux Metatarsophalangeal (MTP)-Interphalangeal (IP) scale, which is used for the clinical assessment of patients with hallux valgus (HV), into Turkish and to evaluate its validity and reliability.
Patients And Methods: Between February 2022 and October 2022, a total of 67 patients (18 males, 49 females; mean age: 51.5±15.9 years; range, 18 to 68 years) with HV deformity and able to communicate in Turkish were included. Following the translation of the AOFAS hallux MTP-IP scale into Turkish, its cultural appropriateness was confirmed. Intra-rater and inter-rater reliabilities were assessed by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), using data collected by two orthopedists. Agreement among test-retest evaluations was conducted using the Bland-Altman analysis. The construct validity of the scale was determined by the Manchester-Oxford Foot Questionnaire (MOXFQ) and Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). Content validity was confirmed by the floor/ceiling effects.
Results: The Turkish AOFAS hallux MTP-IP had an excellent intra-rater reliability of 0.971. The intra-rater reliability of the pain, function, and alignment subscales ranged from 0.904 to 0.978. The inter-rater reliability was 0.913 for the total score, while ranging from 0.838 to 0.918 for the subscales. The total score of the AOFAS hallux MTP-IP had a high correlation with the physical domains of the MOXFQ and SF-36, while weaker correlations with mental domains were observed. No floor/ceiling effect was observed for the overall Turkish AOFAS hallux MTP-IP.
Conclusion: The Turkish translated and culturally adapted AOFAS hallux MTP-IP scale is a valid and reliable measure, ensuring its use in assessing the clinical status of Turkish patients with HV deformity.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.52312/jdrs.2023.1141 | DOI Listing |
J Orthop Surg Res
September 2025
Foot and Ankle Surgery Department, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76 Nanguo Road, Xi'an, 710054, People's Republic of China.
Background: Hallux valgus (HV) is a common deformity of the hallux, which affects the functional ability of patients and reduces their quality of life. The American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) Hallux Metatarsophalangeal (MTP)-Interphalangeal (IP) scale is a questionnaire widely used to comprehensively assess the condition of hallux deformities. The purpose of this study was to translate the AOFAS-MTP-IP scale into a Chinese version (AOFAS-MTP-IP-CV), conduct cross-cultural adaptation, and simultaneously evaluate its validity and reliability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective is to investigate the potential of DMMO to restore a harmonious forefoot morphotype according to Maestro criteria. Retrospective study investigated 51 feet in 48 patients with central primary metatarsalgia between the 2nd and 4th metatarsal. Associated procedures included hallux valgus and lesser toe corrections.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFoot Ankle Orthop
July 2025
Swiss Leman Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics ITOLS, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Background: Severe hallux valgus (HV) presents a significant surgical challenge. Traditional methods are being questioned because of their invasiveness, whereas recent minimally invasive techniques raise concerns because of their associated complications. This study evaluates the percutaneous distal metatarsal osteotomy technique, generally found to be effective for mild-to-moderate cases, and tests the hypothesis that it provides effective clinical and radiologic correction for severe deformities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Bone Joint Surg Am
August 2025
King's Foot and Ankle Unit, King's College London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.
Background: Fourth-generation percutaneous, or minimally invasive, hallux valgus surgery utilizes a transverse osteotomy to achieve deformity correction. There are only a small number of studies reporting the clinical and radiographic outcomes of transverse osteotomies, many of which have methodological limitations such as small sample size, limited radiographic follow-up, or use of non-validated outcome measures. The aim of this study was to provide a methodologically robust investigation of percutaneous transverse osteotomies for hallux valgus deformity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFoot Ankle Orthop
July 2025
Foot and Ankle Division, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
Background: In hallux valgus (HV), the sesamoid bones embedded in the distal tendon of the flexor hallucis brevis and surrounding the tendon of the flexor hallucis longus are partially guided beneath the head of the first metatarsal (M1) by the intersesamoid crista. The distal metatarsal articular angle (DMAA) assesses the valgus deviation of M1 distal articular surface but is influenced by the pronation of the M1 head relative to the ground. Currently, it is unknown whether the intersesamoid crista itself deviates in valgus in association with the articular surface, and understanding this relationship may have clinical relevance for both the pathogenesis of hallux valgus and its surgical correction.
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