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Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the most important global public health problems. The imprudent use of antibiotics in humans and animals has resulted in the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The dissemination of these strains and their resistant determinants could endanger antibiotic efficacy. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify and develop novel strategies to combat antibiotic resistance. This review provides insights into the evolution and the mechanisms of AMR. Additionally, it discusses alternative approaches that might be used to control AMR, including probiotics, prebiotics, antimicrobial peptides, small molecules, organic acids, essential oils, bacteriophage, fecal transplants, and nanoparticles.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12020274 | DOI Listing |
Nat Rev Microbiol
September 2025
National Centre for Antimicrobial Stewardship, Department of Infectious Diseases, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia.
The global rise of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a profound threat to human, animal and environmental health. Although antimicrobials have revolutionized modern medicine, their overuse and misuse have accelerated AMR, necessitating urgent, multisectoral action. Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS), a set of coordinated strategies that promote responsible antimicrobial use, has emerged as a key intervention in managing AMR.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicrob Drug Resist
September 2025
Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, I.R. Iran.
Fluoroquinolone resistance in , particularly uropathogenic (UPEC), is a growing concern worldwide. This study investigates the association between mutations in the and genes and fluoroquinolone resistance in UPEC isolates from Urine samples in Iran. In total, 150 UPEC isolates were collected, and then, 12 ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates were selected for molecular analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiochim Biophys Acta Biomembr
September 2025
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, Vienna, Austria.. Electronic address:
Using the stable synthetic analogue 3-aza-dehydroxylysyl-phosphatidylglycerol (3adLPG), the putative role of native staphylococcal LPG in inhibiting the antibiotic daptomycin from binding to its target phosphatidylglycerol (PG), was investigated with respect to interfacial interactions between these lipids, daptomycin, and calcium ions. The influence of lipid monolayer/bilayer composition and interfacial ion concentrations upon the structure and integrity of model membranes were probed after daptomycin challenge using a combination of surface x-ray scattering techniques and fluorescence assays. In models representing the membrane composition of the daptomycin susceptible phenotype consisting of PG/3adLPG in a 7:3 M ratio, calcium ions drive the formation of two separate phases; Ca cross-linked PG/PG pairs and PG/3adLPG ion pairs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrev Vet Med
September 2025
Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address:
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant global health challenge, impacting humans, animals, and the environment. Dogs and cats are vulnerable to urinary tract infections (UTIs), mostly caused by antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli, necessitating antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) for optimal treatment. This study investigated and evaluated the seasonality of AST and AMR in urinary E.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Med Chem
August 2025
Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti e del Farmaco (DipALIFAR), Università degli Studi di Parma, Viale delle Scienze, 27/A, 43124, Parma, Italy. Electronic address:
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a multifaceted disease caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene. The resulting thick mucus accumulation increases the risk of microbial infections, leading to chronic lung inflammation, progressive tissue damage, and pulmonary exacerbations (PEs). Respiratory viruses may facilitate bacterial colonization, significantly contributing to PEs.
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