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Interactions with peers are fundamental to socio-cognitive development, but assessing peer interactions in standardized experiments is challenging. Therefore, researchers commonly utilize puppetry to simulate peers. This Registered Report investigated urban German children's (Age = 3.5-4.5 years; N = 144; 76♀) mind ascriptions and social cognition to test whether they treat puppets like peers, adults, or neither. Children attributed less mind properties to puppets than peers or adults. However, children's social cognition (i.e., normativity, prosociality, and theory of mind) varied little across partners. Puppetry relies on children's ability for pretense, but can provide valid insights into socio-cognitive development. Implications for using puppets as stand-ins for peers in developmental research are discussed.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cdev.13913 | DOI Listing |
JB JS Open Access
September 2025
Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.
Introduction: Modern orthopaedic residency training increasingly integrates knowledge, skills, and behavior (KSB), in line with updated American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery (ABOS) and Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) guidelines. Developments in simulation technology-including high-fidelity simulators, virtual reality, and data-driven assessment tools-enable programs to target both technical and non-technical competencies. This paper examines how innovations in simulation, curriculum design, and performance assessment are shaping the future of orthopaedic education.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLancet Reg Health West Pac
August 2025
Western Australian Centre for Rural Health, University of Western Australia, Geraldton, Western Australia, Australia.
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (hereafter respectfully named Indigenous) Australians are diagnosed with some cancers substantially more frequently than non-Indigenous Australians implying a different risk factor landscape. Additionally, poorer outcomes for certain cancers are exacerbated by lower cancer screening rates and later diagnoses compared to non-Indigenous Australians. An improved understanding of cancer causation would allow better shaping and targeting of screening programs for those at the highest risk.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Speech Lang Pathol
September 2025
Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park.
Purpose: The current study investigated the impact of a short mobile training implemented in peer pairs to teach the Communicating Choices-CVI (Peers) strategy to support interactions with students with multiple disabilities.
Method: A pretest-posttest control group design was used to evaluate the effects of the training created on the INSTRUCT app, which used a checklist of steps with video models to teach elementary-age peers a strategy to structure opportunities for students with multiple disabilities to communicate choices. Peers were randomly assigned to the experimental group ( = 10) or control group ( = 10) and then video-recorded while interacting with students with multiple disabilities during one pretest and one posttest interaction in their typical educational settings.
Perspect Behav Sci
September 2025
ABA Clinic, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, 40A Burgess Road, Southampton, SO16 7AH UK.
In recent years, the question has been raised as to whether teaching eye contact to autistic children is an ethically defensible educational objective. In the present article, I suggest that this question may be best answered by first defining contact with the eyes not as behavior, but as a consequence for the behavior of looking. Looking at people's faces, and in particular the eyes, provides information regarding the discriminative functions and reinforcing value of social stimuli, of people, of what they do, what they say, and what they feel, and is a critical part of all social behavior.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Vet Sci
August 2025
Immunology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain.
Virtual laboratories provide a risk-free environment for students to conduct experiments, particularly those involving hazardous materials or complex procedures. Previous studies have shown that gamified elements and interactive tools enhance the interest of students and promote active participation. In the case of Immunology in the veterinary degree, our prior observations indicate that veterinary students experience learning difficulties with topics related to molecules and effector functions of the immune system.
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