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Among many kinds of ionic liquids, some hydrated ionic liquids (Hy ILs) have shown an exceptional capability to stabilize protein molecules and maintain their structure and functions over a long period. However, the complex IL-water interaction among these protein-stabilizing Hy ILs has yet to be elucidated clearly. In this work, we investigate the origin of the compatibility of ionic liquid with proteins from the viewpoint of hydration structure. We systematically analyzed the hydrogen-bonding state of water molecules around ionic liquid using Fourier transform infrared absorption (FT-IR) spectroscopy. We found that the native hydrogen-bonding network of water remained relatively unperturbed in the protein-stabilizing ILs. We also observed that the protein-stabilizing ILs have a strong electric field interaction with the surrounding water molecules and this water-IL interaction did not disrupt the water-water hydrogen-bonding interaction. On the other hand, protein-denaturing ILs perturb the hydrogen-bonding network of the water molecules to a greater extent. Furthermore, the protein-denaturing ILs were found to have a weak electric field effect on the water molecules. We speculate that the direct hydrogen bonding of the ILs with water molecules and the strong electric field of the ions lasting several hydration shells while maintaining the relatively unperturbed hydrogen-bonding network of the water molecules play an essential role in protein stabilization.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c02851 | DOI Listing |
J Phys Chem B
September 2025
Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India.
Understanding the evaporation mechanism of liquid ethanol and ethanol-water binary mixtures is important for numerous scientific and industrial processes. The amount of water in liquid water-ethanol mixtures can significantly affect how quickly ethanol molecules evaporate. Here, we study the mechanism and rate of evaporation of ethanol from pure liquid ethanol and ethanol/water binary mixtures through both unbiased molecular dynamics simulations and biased simulations using the umbrella sampling method.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Phys Chem B
September 2025
MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden.
Photoelectron angular distributions are reported for a series of aqueous potassium carboxylate solutions, ranging from bulk-solvated to strongly surface-active species. The quantitative information determined from this work demonstrates how the measured photoelectron angular distributions are influenced by the ions' increasing propensity for the surface in aqueous solutions. Our study provides insight into the relative depth and location of the carboxylate functional group, which is valuable for investigating the adsorption of organic molecules at liquid-vapor interfaces.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVet World
July 2025
Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Physiology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
Arsenic exposure remains a critical global health concern, with growing evidence linking it to significant kidney dysfunction. This review examines the underlying mechanisms of arsenic-induced nephrotoxicity, including oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, and programmed cell death, which collectively contribute to damage in the glomeruli and renal tubules. Chronic exposure is associated with proteinuria, renal impairment, and an increased risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDalton Trans
September 2025
Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul, 34469, Türkiye.
A novel phthalonitrile derivative (a) containing three functional groups (hexyl, aminated ester, phenoxy) was synthesized and subsequently cyclotetramerized in the presence of the corresponding metal chloride salts to obtain hexadeca-substituted metal {M = Cu(II) and Co(II)} phthalocyanines (b and c). The water-soluble phthalocyanines (d and e) were prepared by treating the newly synthesized complexes (b and c) with methyl iodide. Moreover, gold nanoparticles (1) and silver nanoparticles (2) were prepared, and their surfaces were modified with quaternary phthalocyanines (d and e).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOrg Biomol Chem
September 2025
Phosphorus Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India.
Herein, we report a simple, microwave-assisted and open-air strategy for gram-scale C3-alkylation of indoles, along with an economically viable strategy for epoxide opening followed by α-alkylation, using the [RuCl(bpy){-PhPCHCONCHPPh-}-κ-(,,,,)] complex (hereafter referred to as [PNP-Ru]). This transformation proceeds an alcohol dehydrogenation (oxidation) mechanism, with water being the sole byproduct in both reactions, underscoring the environmentally benign and sustainable nature of the methodology. The protocol efficiently delivers both mono- and bis(indolyl) derivatives in good to excellent yields.
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