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Combination HIV prevention aims to provide the right mix of biomedical, behavioral and structural interventions, and is considered the best approach to curb the HIV pandemic. The impact evaluation of combined HIV prevention intervention (CHPI) provides critical information for decision making. We conducted a systematic review of the literature to map the designs and methods used in these studies. We searched original articles indexed in Web of Science, Scopus and PubMed. Fifty-eight studies assessing the impact of CHPI on HIV transmission were included. Most of the studies took place in Asia or sub-Saharan Africa and were published from 2000 onward. We identified 36 (62.1%) quasi-experimental studies (posttest, pretest-posttest and nonequivalent group designs) and 22 (37.9%) experimental studies (randomized designs). The findings suggest that diverse methods are already rooted in CHPI impact evaluation practices as recommended but should be better reported. CHPI impact evaluation would benefit from more comprehensive approaches.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10461-023-04000-8 | DOI Listing |
PLoS Med
September 2025
University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America.
Background: Oral emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (F/TDF) preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) effectiveness against HIV acquisition highly depends on adherence. For men who have sex with men, a dosing study in the United States (US) population defined clinically meaningful tenofovir diphosphate (TFV-DP) thresholds in dried blood spots (DBS) based on the rounded 25th percentile for 2, 4, and 7 doses/week as 350, 700, and 1,250 fmol/punch. However, divergent efficacy results in the first generation randomized clinical trials of F/TDF PrEP among African women led to several hypotheses to question whether the pharmacology and adherence requirement for oral F/TDF PrEP may be different in cisgender women compared to what is already established for men.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J STD AIDS
September 2025
Centre for Communicable Diseases Control and Research, Federal Medical Centre, Asaba, Nigeria.
BackgroundMother-to-Child Transmission (MTCT) of HIV continues to be a critical public health issue, particularly in high-prevalence regions. This study examines the rates of MTCT in relation to antenatal booking, parity, antiretroviral (ARV) use, delivery mode, CD4 counts, and infant feeding practices.MethodsA retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at the Federal Medical Centre, Asaba, Nigeria, involving pregnant women living with HIV attending the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT) program.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Clin Invest
September 2025
Metabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States of America.
Background: Statin therapy lowers the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) among people with HIV (PWH). Residual risk pathways contributing to excess MACE beyond low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) are not well understood. Our objective was to evaluate the association of statin responsive and other inflammatory and metabolic pathways to MACE in the Randomized Trial to Prevent Vascular Events in HIV (REPRIEVE).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHealth Educ Res
August 2025
Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Medical Center Boulevard, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, United States.
Minoritized racial, ethnic, sexual, and gender communities and populations face profound health disparities and their engagement in research remains low. In a randomized controlled trial, our community-based participatory research partnership tested the efficacy of ChiCAS, an HIV prevention intervention designed to increase pre-exposure prophylaxis use among Spanish-speaking transgender Latinas. Of 161 eligible Spanish-speaking transgender Latinas screened, we enrolled 144, achieving an 89% participation rate, and retained 94% at 6-month follow-up.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSex Transm Dis
September 2025
Departments of Global Health, Medicine, and Epidemiology, University of Washington (JN Wasserheit), National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (J Mermin and BP Stoner), and Rietmeijer Consulting (CA Rietmeijer).