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Recent clinical successes have intensified interest in using adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors for therapeutic gene delivery. The liver is a key clinical target, given its critical physiological functions and involvement in a wide range of genetic diseases. In the present study, we first investigated the validity of a liver xenograft mouse model repopulated with primary hepatocytes using single-nucleus RNA sequencing (sn-RNA-seq) by studying the transcriptomic profile of human hepatocytes pre- and post-engraftment. Complementary immunofluorescence analyses performed in highly engrafted animals confirmed that the human hepatocytes organize and present appropriate patterns of zone-dependent enzyme expression in this model. Next, we tested a set of rationally designed HSPG de-targeted AAV-LK03 variants for relative transduction performance in human hepatocytes. We used immunofluorescence, next-generation sequencing, and single-nucleus transcriptomics data from highly engrafted FRG mice to demonstrate that the optimally HSPG de-targeted AAV-LK03 displayed a significantly improved lobular transduction profile in this model.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.omtm.2022.12.014 | DOI Listing |
Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev
June 2025
Precision Safety, Pharma Product Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland.
Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors are widely used in gene therapy, particularly for liver-targeted treatments. However, predicting human-specific outcomes, such as transduction efficiency and hepatotoxicity, remains challenging. Reliable models are urgently needed to bridge the gap between preclinical studies and clinical applications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Ther Methods Clin Dev
June 2025
Eisai Co., Ltd., Tsukuba Research Laboratories, 5-1-3, Tokodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2635, Japan.
Liver-humanized chimeric mice (PXB-mice) are widely utilized for predicting human pharmacokinetics (PK) and as human disease models. However, residual metabolic activity of mouse hepatocytes in chimeric mice can interfere with accurate human PK estimation. Lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-formulated small interfering RNA (siRNA) treatment makes it possible to eliminate the shortcomings of chimeras and create new models.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Appl Toxicol
September 2025
Department of Drug and Cosmetics Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Sosnowiec, Poland.
Phenothiazine derivatives have been used for decades as antipsychotic drugs in multiple mental health and physical conditions treatment (schizophrenia, mania in bipolar disorder, and psychosis). Epidemiological studies have shown that people with schizophrenia are less likely to suffer from cancer, which indicates the ability of antipsychotics to inhibit the development of cancer cells. It is our third review about the impact of phenothiazine derivatives on cell death.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJCI Insight
September 2025
Alice and Y. T. Chen Center for Genetics and Genomics, Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics.
Methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) is a severe metabolic disorder affecting multiple organs because of a distal block in branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) catabolism. Standard of care is limited to protein restriction and supportive care during metabolic decompensation. Severe cases require liver/kidney transplantation, and there is a clear need for better therapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Vitam Nutr Res
September 2025
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 300070 Tianjin, China.
Background: Retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) is a vitamin A transport protein synthesized in the liver and also plays a crucial role in inflammation and immune regulation. Low serum vitamin A levels have been observed in both pediatric and adult patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). The association between serum vitamin A levels and serum RBP4 levels, as well as the underlying mechanism involved inimpaired vitamin A transport during inflammation in UC patients, has yet to been investigated.
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