Exploration of polyacrylamide microplastics and evaluation of their toxicity on multiple parameters of .

Due to the increased production of polyacrylamide microplastics in the environment impacting the adverse effects on aquatic organisms have become a global concern. The present study aimed to evaluate the toxicity of different concentrations (0.018, 0.03 0.09 g/1) of polyacrylamide microplastics on Polyacrylamide microplastics were characterized by Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectroscopy. The FTIR technique revealed the spherical morphology and size range of polyacrylamide (0.1-0.4 mm) with 99 % purity. Raman Spectroscopy results showed peaks around (1100 cm and 1650 cm) in gills, these peaks confirmed the presence of polyacrylamide microplastics in the gills of . Polyacrylamide microplastics significantly shortened the antioxidant enzymes (Catalase and Reduced glutathione) proceedings and the increase was observed in Malondialdehyde and Lipid peroxide levels in high-dose treated groups. Moreover, total protein contents were expressively increased, while other blood parameters (AST, ALP, ALT) were significantly decreased. Hemoglobin (g/dl), Erythrocyte (106/µl) and TLC (1x10/l) levels were reduced significantly ( 0.05) in high concentrations. The administration of polyacrylamide microplastics induced different histological changes in the gills, liver and intestine of . It was concluded that polyacrylamide microplastics are toxic agents having harmful effects on fish health.