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In this study, we describe the design and fabrication of an industrial injection moulding system that can be mounted and used on the NCD-SWEET small-angle X-ray scattering beamline at ALBA. We show how highly useful time-resolved data can be obtained using this system. We are able to evaluate the fraction of the material in the mould cavity and identify the first material to solidify and how this varies with the injection temperature. The design follows current industrial practice and provides opportunities to collect time-resolved data at several points within the mould cavity so that we can build up a 4D perspective of the morphology and its temporal development. The quantitative data obtained will prove invaluable for the optimisation of the next generation of injection moulding techniques. This preliminary work used results from the injection moulding of a general-purpose isotactic polypropylene.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14214745 | DOI Listing |
Pestic Biochem Physiol
November 2025
National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China. Electronic address:
Entomopathogenic fungi can precisely inhibit the cellular and humoral immune responses of host insects by secreting effector proteins, allowing them to overcome the innate immune barriers of their hosts. Nodule formation is an immune response primarily mediated by insect hemocytes, which can rapidly and efficiently capture invading pathogenic fungi in the hemocoel. However, the molecular mechanisms by which fungi inhibit insect nodule formation through the secretion of effector proteins remain unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPestic Biochem Physiol
November 2025
School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China; Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Fungal Insecticides, Chongqing 401331, China; Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation Technologies under Chongqing Municipal Education Commission, Chongqing, China. Electronic add
Metarhizium acridum is a typical filamentous fungus that has been widely used to control grasshoppers, locusts, and crickets. Genetic engineering is a common strategy to enhance its virulence, conidiation, and stress tolerance. Here, we report that the M.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Healthc Mater
September 2025
Department of Smart Health Science and Technology, Kangwon National University (KNU), 1, Kangwondaehak-gil, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.
Microneedle (MN) technology offers a minimally invasive, patient-friendly alternative to conventional hypodermic injections for dermal drug delivery. However, traditional micro-molding techniques are limited by single-material fabrication, involving labor-intensive processes, excessive material waste, and scalability issues, restricting broader therapeutic applications. To address these challenges, an inkjet printing method is implemented to fabricate multi-material MN patches using gelatin and gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogels.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
September 2025
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Punjab Engineering College, Chandigarh 160012, India.
Natural fiber-reinforced biocomposites have gained the attention of researchers in the fields of household, aerospace, and automobile due to their low density, biodegradability, and recyclability. Regardless of these advantages, biocomposites possess certain limitations, such as moisture absorption, weak fiber-matrix adhesion, and poor flammability. To address this issue, fiber surfaces were modified in the present research investigation with a novel electroless copper coating process.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Prosthodont
September 2025
Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey, USA.
Purpose: To investigate the ability of the smart denture conversion (SDC) technique to produce a stronger interim full-arch implant restoration.
Materials And Methods: Three materials (OnX Tough 3D-printed resin, milled PMMA, and injection molded PMMA) were used to fabricate 180 specimens, 60 specimens per material. Then, an equal number of specimens were assigned a conversion technique: either traditional denture conversion or smart denture conversion.