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Since 1995, the Alpine chamois () population of the Dolomites has been affected by sarcoptic mange with considerable management concerns. In this study, 15 years (2006-2020) of passive surveillance and demographic data were analyzed in order to describe a mange outbreak. Furthermore, an enhanced passive surveillance protocol was implemented in order to evaluate the efficiency of ordinary vs. enhanced surveillance protocol in identifying dead chamois in the field and in reaching a correct diagnosis. Our results confirm the role of mange as a determining factor for chamois mortality, while stressing the importance of a wider view on the factors affecting population dynamics. The enhanced passive surveillance protocol increased the probability of carcass retrieval and identification of the cause of death; however, its adoption may be too costly if applied for long periods on a wide scale. Passive surveillance, in both ordinary and enhanced surveillance protocol, should encompass the use of other strategies in the future to study the eco-epidemiology of the disease in wild Caprinae.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12162077 | DOI Listing |
Nat Med
September 2025
Rwanda Zambia Health Research Group, Center for Family Health Research/Project San Francisco, Kigali, Rwanda.
Risk of death for both mother and fetus following Ebola virus infection is extremely high. In this study, healthy women in Rwanda aged ≥18 years were randomized to two-dose Ebola vaccination (Ad26.ZEBOV, MVA-BN-Filo) during pregnancy (group A) or postpartum (group B).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr HIV Res
September 2025
Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA.
Newborns represent only 1% of the population. Yet, HIV vertical transmissions represent 10% of all new infections globally, even though antiretroviral therapy (ART) has been shown to reduce the risk of vertical transmission to less than 2%. While vaccines still represent the most efficient and cost-effective intervention to eradicate new infections, HIV immunogens that can effectively elicit broad-spectrum protection are still at least a decade away.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVaccine
September 2025
Brighton Collaboration, The Task Force for Global Health, Atlanta, GA, United States of America.
Vaccine safety surveillance systems are vital for the post-market safety monitoring of novel and well-established vaccines, given the sample size, representativeness and follow-up time in clinical trials. The introduction of COVID-19 vaccines during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic presented unprecedented challenges for safety surveillance. Here, we discuss methodologic considerations for epidemiologic study design and real world data for passive and active surveillance systems for COVID-19 vaccines in the United States (U.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Total Environ
September 2025
Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16801, USA. Electronic address:
Wastewater surveillance is increasingly an effective public health tool for responding to epidemics and preparing for annual cycles of respiratory illnesses. We measured genetic markers from Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), influenza A virus (IAV) and influenza B virus (IBV) in untreated wastewater of a university campus and its local residential community over a four-year period using digital Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) methods. These data were then analyzed and compared to clinical case data reported to the state by zip code.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFam Pract
August 2025
Clinical Epidemiology Research Unit, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico.
Background: Patient preferences about their role in decision-making in medical practice are a very important phenomenon, especially since patient participation allows decision-making to be more responsive to their needs and improves the quality of care.
Objective: To evaluate the proportion of patients with preferences toward an active, passive, or shared role in medical consultation in a sample of patients with chronic diseases who attend family medicine and general hospital level of care and to explore the relationship of preferences with sociodemographic and clinical variables.
Methods: Participants were recruited from their scheduled consultation in August, 2019, at one family medicine and one general hospital of the Mexican Institute of Social Security.