Evaluation of the MolecuTech REBA MTB-XMDR kit for detection of pre-extensively drug-resistant TB.

Rapid diagnosis of drug-resistant TB is critical for early initiation of effective therapy. YD Diagnostics in South Korea recently developed the MolecuTech REBA MTB-XMDR test to rapidly detect multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB), pre-extensively drug-resistant TB (pre-XDR-TB) and resistance to second-line injectable drugs (SLIDs) simultaneously using a fully automated test platform. This study aimed to evaluate the MolecuTech test for the detection of MDR- and pre-XDR-TB, as well as SLID resistance. A total of 151 clinical isolates from South Korea were tested using the MolecuTech test, and the results were analysed by comparing these with phenotypic drug susceptibility testing (pDST) and sequencing. Compared to pDST, the MolecuTech test showed a sensitivity and specificity of respectively 97.7% and 100.0% for rifampicin (RIF), 82.4% and 100.0% for isoniazid (INH), 97.5% and 97.2% for fluoroquinolones (FQs), and 94.0% and 98.8% for SLIDs. Concordances with the sequencing results of each resistance determinant were 99.3% for RIF, 96.7% for INH, 98.7% for FQs and 99.3% for SLIDs. The MolecuTech test is an efficient and reliable rapid molecular diagnostic tool for the simultaneous screening of MDR- and pre-XDR-TB.