Cerebral vasculitis due to Aspergillus spp. in immunocompromised patients: literature review.

Int J Infect Dis

Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié-Salpêtrière Charles Foix, Service de Maladies infectieuses et Tropicales, 75013, Paris, France; INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire AP-HP- Sorbonne Université, site Pi

Published: September 2022


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Article Abstract

Objectives: Invasive aspergillosis is a threat for immunocompromised patients. We present a case series of aggressive cerebral vasculitis caused by Aspergillus spp. infection in immunocompromised patients.

Methods: We present a retrospective case series of three autopsy-proven invasive cerebral aspergillosis with diffuse vasculitis affecting large caliber cerebral vessels.

Results: Three patients were immunosuppressed: one on rituximab, one on corticosteroids, and one with a renal transplant. Two of these patients were diagnosed with cerebral aspergillosis on postmortem.

Conclusion: Aspergillus cerebral vasculitis is a rare form of invasive aspergillosis that should be considered in an immunocompromised individual with suggestive lesions on imaging. It should be suspected as a possible cause of aseptic neutrophil meningitis.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2022.05.056DOI Listing

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