Repeatome Analyses and Satellite DNA Chromosome Patterns in , , and (Poaceae).

Subpolar and polar ecotypes of (Popl.) Roshev, (L.) P. Beauv, and E. Desv. are well adapted to stressful environmental conditions, which make them useful model plants for genetic research and breeding. For the first time, the comparative repeatome analyses of subpolar and polar , , and was performed using RepeatExplorer/TAREAN pipelines and FISH-based chromosomal mapping of the identified satellite DNA families (satDNAs). In the studied species, mobile genetic elements of class 1 made up the majority of their repetitive DNA; interspecific variations in the total amount of Ty3/Gypsy and Ty1/Copia retroelements, DNA transposons, ribosomal, and satellite DNA were revealed; 12-18 high confident and 7-9 low confident putative satDNAs were identified. According to BLAST, most satDNAs demonstrated sequence similarity with satDNAs of and indicating their common origin. Chromosomal mapping of 45S rDNA, 5S rDNA, and satDNAs of allowed us to construct the species karyograms and detect new molecular chromosome markers important for species. Our findings confirmed that genomes of and were more closely related compared to according to repeatome composition and patterns of satDNA chromosomal distribution.