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Taphonomical analysis allows us to understand the processes that underlie site formation, as well as provide insights into the modification and composition of studied fossil materials. Taphonomy has become crucial to many scientific fields, providing conceptual advances through a renewal of models, protocols, and paradigms. In these studies, trans-disciplinary approaches (geology, palaeontology, biology, ecology, archaeology) have been developed using a wide array of methodologies. In addition, experimental work on modern assemblages, focusing on specific geological and biological processes (‘actualism’), are used to make referential data and proxies. This Collection contributes to the field’s methodological development, while gathering research articles investigating Quaternary period bone assemblages, with special interest in the Pleistocene.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-10473-9 | DOI Listing |
Proc Biol Sci
September 2025
Zentralmagazin Naturwissenschaftlicher Sammlungen, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.
Mammals often follow peculiar evolutionary trajectories on islands, with some Pleistocene insular large mammals exhibiting reduced relative brain size. However, the antiquity of this phenomenon remains unclear. Here, we report the first digital endocast of an insular artiodactyl, the five-horned ruminant from the Late Miocene Gargano palaeo-island (Apulia, Italy).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
August 2025
Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100044, China.
Understanding life history is crucial for elucidating mammalian evolution. Body size and tooth development have long been fundamental parameters in reconstructing the life histories of both fossil and extant species. The superfamily Rhinocerotoidea exhibits a protracted evolutionary history from the Eocene to the present, with its large body sizes and high-crowned teeth providing compelling evidence for such studies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
August 2025
Florida Museum of Natural History, Invertebrate Paleontology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611.
The fossil record of functional diversity is increasingly used to study ecosystem evolution, extinction recovery, and factors affecting long-term trends in biodiversity. In addition, the youngest fossil record (late Quaternary) can provide insights into the natural range of functional variability of present-day ecosystems, providing a historical framework for conservation and restoration. However, the reliability of common functional diversity measures derived from fossils is uncertain.
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July 2025
Institute of Global Environmental Change, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
Disentangling anthropogenic from natural induced changes is difficult, but crucial to accurately assess the specific environmental impacts of humans' actions versus climate in the paleoclimate records. Here we combine a new set of proxies, including stable isotopes, element concentrations (mainly Mg, Sr, and U), and detailed mineralogy to better distinguish the impacts of these two factors in the stalagmite records. We studied the period between 1680 and 1860 CE because of the known historical events in Madagascar history (e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Biol Sci
July 2025
Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Paleontología, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
Understanding the role of megamammals in shaping terrestrial ecosystems and landscapes during the South American Late Pleistocene is crucial for estimating the impacts of extinctions on current ecological dynamics. Here, we aimed to investigate the mobility patterns and landscape use of the extinct giant ground sloth , a member of South America's megafauna, where the Pleistocene extinction was the hardest. We report, to our knowledge, the first strontium isotope ratio (Sr/Sr) analysis for , acquired from bone and dentin samples across six Uruguayan localities, including six individuals and serial sampling of a tooth from one of the sites.
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