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Article Abstract
Objective: Investigate associations between quantity, content and specificity of action-plans and weight loss in a diabetes prevention study.
Design: Prospective cohort study nested within a randomised controlled trial. Participants completed action-planning worksheets during intervention sessions.
Main Outcome Measures: Action-plans were coded in terms of: number of plans set, their content, and specificity. Multivariate regression analyses assessed associations with weight loss at four-months.
Results: 890 planning-worksheets from 106 participants were analysed. Participants wrote a mean of 2.12 (SD = 1.20) action-plans per worksheet, using a mean of 2.20 (SD = 0.68) specificity components per action-plan. Quantity of action-plans per worksheet decreased over time (r = -0.137, < 0.001) and increased quantity was associated with reduced specificity [r = -.215, < 0.001]. Walking (34.9% of action-plans) and reducing high fat/sugar snacks (26.1%) were the most commonly planned lifestyle actions. In multivariate modelling, increased quantity of action-plans was associated with greater weight loss (R2 = 0.135, Unstandardised Beta = 0.144, = 0.002). Specificity was not significantly associated with weight-loss ( = 0.096).
Conclusion: Producing more action-plans was associated with greater weight loss. Further research should directly compare more versus less specific action-plans and explore ways to sustain engagement in action-planning. Our findings imply that participants should freely set numerous action-plans, rather than being encouraged to focus on specificity.
Unlabelled: Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2022.2055026 .
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