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In 2021, the National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan, undertook enhanced event-based surveillance (EBS) for infectious diseases occurring overseas that have potential for importation (excluding coronavirus disease 2019 [COVID-19]) for the Tokyo 2020 Olympic and Paralympic Summer Games (the Games). The pre-existing EBS system was enhanced using the World Health Organization Epidemic Intelligence from Open Sources system and the BlueDot Epidemic Intelligence platform. The enhanced EBS before and during the Games did not detect any major public health event that would warrant action for the Games. However, information from multiple sources helped us identify events, characterize risk and improve confidence in risk assessment. The collaboration also reduced the surveillance workload of the host country, while ensuring the quality of surveillance, even during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.5365/wpsar.2021.12.4.903 | DOI Listing |
BMC Public Health
August 2025
Department of Health and Environmental Services, Kadoma City Council, Kadoma, Zimbabwe.
Background: An Intra-Action Review (IAR) is a real-time evaluation conducted during an emergency response to identify good practices, challenges and inform corrective actions. It allows for timely learning and course correction during ongoing outbreaks. In 2024, Kadoma City experienced a cholera outbreak that resulted in 1799 cases managed at the Cholera Treatment Center (CTC), 2535 suspected cases seen at Oral Rehydration Points (ORPs), and 31 deaths.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBehav Brain Res
August 2025
Oral Physiology, Department of Oral Functional Science, Division of Oral Medical Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Japan.
The basolateral amygdala (BLA) plays a critical role in aversive learning and decision‑making, yet its specific contribution to the expression of conditioned taste aversion (CTA) remains incompletely understood. Here, we examined how transient chemogenetic inhibition of the BLA influences licking microstructure and approach-avoidance behavior toward a conditioned saccharin solution. Male C57BL/6 mice received bilateral BLA injections of AAV8‑hSyn‑hM4Di‑mCherry (experimental) or AAV8‑hSyn‑mCherry (control).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHealth Secur
August 2025
Grace Brough, MPH, Ingrid Hammermeister Nezu, MSc, Kazuki Shimizu, MD, MSc, PhD, Juniorcaius Ikejezie, MSc, PhD, Zyleen Alnashir Kassamali, MBBS, MPH, Emily Dorothee Meyer, MD, MSc, Bernadette Basuta Mirembe, MVPH, Maria Elizabeth Mitri, MPH, Veronica Cristea, MD, Friday Elaigwu Idoko, MD, MPH, Bria
Following a nearly decade-long war in Eastern Ukraine, the conflict escalated in February 2022, and the World Health Organization swiftly began enhanced event-based surveillance (EBS) for the early detection of public health threats in Ukraine and refugee-hosting countries. The aim of this study was to assess the characteristics and trends of signals documented by WHO, especially examining how potential threats to human health in Ukraine and other affected countries were identified and presented during the first 4 months of the Ukraine crisis. The EBS process relied on the daily screening of information coming from different sources, and signals were categorized by public health risks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci
August 2025
Department of Psychology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
Objectives: Subjective memory complaints (SMC) refer to individuals' self-reported memory problems in the absence of objective evidence. SMC has been recognized as an early indicator of the future development of dementia. While neuropsychological evaluations for dementia typically focus on retrospective memory, SMC can manifest in both retrospective and prospective memories (PM).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicrosyst Nanoeng
August 2025
Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China.
The rapid growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) and embodied intelligence has increased the demand for sensor nodes that conserve energy and reduce data transmission, especially in resource-limited applications that rely heavily on sensors. Event-based sensors have emerged to meet this demand by reducing data redundancy and lowering power consumption. Within this domain, MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems) inertial switches stand out as promising alternatives to traditional commercial accelerometers and gyroscopes, catering to the widespread need for inertial sensing.
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