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Article Abstract

Background: Early-onset colorectal cancers are increasing in incidence. Studies reported more left-sided cancers in patients aged <50 years. Some advocate for screening via flexible sigmoidoscopy at age 40 years.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate characteristics and outcomes in sporadic right- and left-sided early-onset colorectal cancers.

Design: This was a retrospective cohort study.

Settings: This study was conducted at a single, tertiary care institution.

Patients: This study included patients aged <50 years diagnosed with colorectal cancer between 2000 and 2018.

Main Outcome Measures: We analyzed patient demographics, tumor characteristics, and survival.

Results: A total of 489 patients aged 20 to 49 years were identified from 2000 to 2018. The majority of patients were white (90%) and male (57%). The median age at diagnosis was 44 years, and 75% were diagnosed at age 40-49 years. There was a predominance of left-sided tumors (80%). The majority of patients presented with stage 3 (35%) and stage 4 (35%) disease. Right-sided tumors were more likely to have mucinous (24% vs 7.4%; p < 0.001) and signet-ring cell (4.4% vs 1.7%; p < 0.001) histology. There was no difference in age, sex, race, ethnicity, and stage at presentation. Right-sided tumors were associated with lower 5-year overall survival (44% vs 61%; p < 0.005) with the decrease in survival most prominent in right-sided stage 3 tumors (41% vs 72%; p < 0.0001) and in ages 40 to 49 years (43% vs 61%; p = 0.03). Sex, tumor location, increasing stage, and signet-ring cell histology were independent prognostic factors of overall survival. There was no difference in disease-free survival.

Limitations: This study was a retrospective review at a single institution.

Conclusions: The majority of early-onset colorectal cancers arise from age 40 to 49 years with a left-sided predominance but higher mortality in right-sided tumors. These findings provide further evidence in favor of recommending earlier initial screening colonoscopy for colorectal cancer. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/B892 .

Caractersticas Y Resultados Del Cncer Colorrectal De Inicio Temprano Del Lado Derecho Frente Al Izquierdo: ANTECEDENTES:Los cánceres colorrectales de aparición temprana están aumentando en incidencia. Los estudios han informado una preponderancia de cánceres en el lado izquierdo en pacientes <50 años, lo que ha llevado a algunos a abogar por la detección con sigmoidoscopia flexible a los 40 años.OBJETIVO:El propósito de nuestro estudio fue investigar las características del tumor y los resultados de los pacientes en cánceres colorrectales esporádicos del lado derecho e izquierdo de aparición temprana.DISEÑO:Este fue un estudio de cohorte retrospectivo.ENTORNO CLÍNICO:Este estudio se realizó en una única institución de atención terciaria.PACIENTES:Pacientes <50 años diagnosticados de cáncer colorrectal entre 2000 y 2018.RESULTADO PRINCIPAL:Analizamos los datos demográficos de los pacientes, las características del tumor, la supervivencia general y la supervivencia libre de enfermedad.RESULTADOS:Se identificaron un total de 489 pacientes de entre 20 y 49 años entre 2000 y 2018. La mayoría de los pacientes eran blancos (90%) y varones (57%). La mediana de edad en el momento del diagnóstico fue de 44 años y el 75% se diagnosticó entre los 40 y los 49 años. Predominó los tumores del lado izquierdo (80%). La mayoría de los pacientes presentaban enfermedad en estadio 3 (35%) y estadio 4 (35%). Los tumores del lado derecho tenían más probabilidades de tener histología mucinosa (24% frente a 7,4%, p < 0,001) y de células en anillo de sello (4,4% frente a 1,7%, p < 0,001). No hubo diferencia en edad, sexo, raza, etnia, estadio AJCC en la presentación. Los tumores del lado derecho se asociaron con una menor supervivencia general a 5 años (44% frente al 61%, p < 0,005) con la disminución de la supervivencia más prominente en los tumores del lado derecho en estadio 3 (41% frente al 72%, p < 0,0001) y en edades 40-49 (43% vs 61%, p = 0.03). El sexo, la ubicación del tumor, el estadio AJCC en aumento y la histología de las células en anillo de sello fueron factores pronósticos independientes de la supervivencia general. No hubo diferencias significativas en la supervivencia libre de enfermedad.LIMITACIONES:Este estudio fue una revisión retrospectiva en una sola institución.CONCLUSIONES:La mayoría de los cánceres colorrectales de aparición temprana surgen entre los 40 y los 49 años con un predominio en el lado izquierdo pero una mayor mortalidad en los tumores del lado derecho. Estos hallazgos proporcionan evidencia adicional a favor de recomendar una colonoscopia de detección inicial más temprana para el cáncer colorrectal. Consulte Video Resumen en http://links.lww.com/DCR/B892 . (Traducción-Dr. Ingrid Melo ).

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/DCR.0000000000002273DOI Listing

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