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Following the recent outbreak of Zika virus (ZIKV) infections in Latin America, ZIKV has emerged as a global health threat due to its ability to induce neurological disease in both adults and the developing fetus. ZIKV is largely mosquito-borne and is now endemic in many parts of Africa, Asia, and South America. However, several reports have demonstrated persistent ZIKV infection of the male reproductive tract and evidence of male-to-female sexual transmission of ZIKV. Sexual transmission may broaden the reach of ZIKV infections beyond its current geographical limits, presenting a significant threat worldwide. Several mouse models of ZIKV infection have been developed to investigate ZIKV pathogenesis and develop effective vaccines and therapeutics. However, the majority of these models focus on mosquito-borne infection, while few have considered the impact of sexual transmission on immunity and pathogenesis. This review will examine the advantages and disadvantages of current models of mosquito-borne and sexually transmitted ZIKV and provide recommendations for the effective use of ZIKV mouse models.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13112244 | DOI Listing |
BMJ Public Health
August 2025
Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Introduction: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a substantial public health concern, particularly among individuals with opioid addiction. The methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) programmes serve as a harm reduction strategy to mitigate HIV disease spread, yet the risk of HCV infection remains high within these settings. Accurate risk prediction for HCV seroconversion is therefore crucial for improving patient outcomes.
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May 2025
Materno-fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Department Woman-Mother-Child, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. Electronic address:
Research Question: What is the composition of bacterial communities at various genital sites and are there potential interactions between partners' microbiota?
Design: This observational study involved metagenomic analyses of samples collected from male and female partners of couples undergoing fertility treatment. Samples included vaginal and penile swabs, as well as follicular fluid and semen, which were analysed using next-generation sequencing.
Results: The bacterial community profiles of different genital tract niches were distinct, niche-specific compositions, with female samples predominantly featuring Lactobacillus species and male samples displaying greater microbial diversity, including genital-specific and skin-associated taxa.
PLoS Med
September 2025
Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.
Background: Limited mpox vaccination coverage, declining cross-protection from historical smallpox vaccination campaigns, and persistent zoonotic reservoirs leave many sub-Saharan countries susceptible to mpox outbreaks. With millions of vaccine doses made available to the region since late 2024 and the absence of country-specific guidelines for allocation, estimating the country-specific impact of one-time mass vaccination strategies is necessary for ongoing outbreaks and other countries at future risk.
Methods And Findings: We adapted a next generation matrix model to project disease transmission potential for 47 sub-Saharan countries from 2025 to 2050 under four transmission scenarios with different contributions of community versus sexual contacts.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol
September 2025
Department of Pathology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Objective: This study primarily aimed to investigate human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in males and to evaluate its effect on semen parameters, fertility and partner HPV infection status.
Methods: A total of 624 men who visited the West China Second Hospital of Sichuan University between October 1, 2019, and September 30, 2023, were included. HPV DNA was detected in exfoliated cells from the male genitalia using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and reverse membrane hybridization to analyze the relationship between HPV infection and semen parameters.
Health Expect
October 2025
Centre for Social Research in Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Background: People from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds who are living in high-income countries, are disproportionately impacted by blood-borne viruses and sexually transmissible infections (BBVs/STIs). Despite this, many do not engage with available preventive and treatment services due to a range of patient, provider and systems level barriers that make patient engagement challenging. This study explores ways to make healthcare services more acceptable and accessible to promote better health outcomes for Australian residents from CALD communities.
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