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In phytopathogenic fungi, a mutation in the avirulence gene can lead to the breakdown of resistance in the host plant. The nucleotide sequences of the AVR-Pik locus in the strain Ina168 and its spontaneous mutant Ina168m95-5 of Pyricularia oryzae were determined. An AVR-Pik spontaneous deletion mechanism of Ina168m95-5, including multiple homologous recombination events involving repetitive transposable elements, is proposed.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bbb/zbab145 | DOI Listing |
The fission yeast phosphate acquisition (PHO) regulon is repressed under phosphate-replete conditions by upstream lncRNA-mediated transcriptional interference. Inositol-1-pyrophosphates control phosphate homeostasis via their action as agonists of precocious PHO lncRNA 3'-processing/termination. Inositol pyrophosphatase-inactivating mutations that increase inositol-1-pyrophosphates elicit derepression of the PHO genes and a severe growth defect in YES medium.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurobiol Dis
September 2025
Inserm UMR-S 1270, Paris 75005, France; Sorbonne Université, Faculty of Sciences and Engineering, Paris 75005, France; Institut du Fer à Moulin, 17 rue du Fer à Moulin, Paris 75005, France; Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Institut de Neurologie, Hôpital de la Salp
Isolated dystonia can be caused by loss-of-function mutations in the GNAL gene (DYT-GNAL/DYT25). This gene encodes the α subunit of the heterotrimeric G protein, which, with βγ subunits, mediates the stimulatory coupling of dopamine D1 and adenosine A2A receptors to adenylyl-cyclase. These receptors are expressed in distinct striatal projection neurons (SPNs) with complementary functions in motor behavior.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Clin Invest
September 2025
Department of Medicine.
A20, encoded by the TNFAIP3 gene, is a protein linked to Crohn's disease and celiac disease in humans. We now find that mice expressing point mutations in A20's M1-ubiquitin-binding zinc finger 7 (ZF7) motif spontaneously develop proximal enteritis that requires both luminal microbes and T cells. Cellular and transcriptomic profiling reveals expansion of Th17 cells and exuberant expression of IL-17A and IL-22 in intestinal lamina propria of A20ZF7 mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Rep
August 2025
The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Electronic address:
The immune protection of pancreatic β cells has three layers: anatomical, with their distribution in 1 million islets; central, with the thymic deletion of β cell-specific T cells; and peripheral, with inhibitory cellular networks. The failure of the latter leads to most spontaneous type 1 diabetes and all diabetes induced by checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Because CD4 T cells initiate disease, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II-expressing cells are central to the onset.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEMBO Mol Med
August 2025
VIB Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.
Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate, a non-sterol intermediate of the mevalonate pathway, serves as the substrate for protein geranylgeranylation, a process catalyzed by geranylgeranyl transferase I (GGTase-I). Myeloid-specific deletion of Pggt1b, the gene coding for GGTase-I, leads to spontaneous and severe erosive arthritis in mice; however, the underlying mechanisms remained unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that arthritis in mice with myeloid-specific Pggt1b deficiency is driven by unprenylated GTP-bound small RHO family GTPases, which in turn trigger Pyrin (Mefv) inflammasome activation, GSDMD-dependent macrophage pyroptosis, and IL-1β secretion.
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