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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2021.06.019 | DOI Listing |
Objective: Estimating the probability of pedestrian injuries at different impact speeds is important for research and regulatory efforts related to infrastructure and vehicle design. However, a risk curve is only valuable if it is based on crash data that accurately represent the current vehicle fleet. This study, therefore, aimed to provide an updated estimate of pedestrian injury risk at different severity levels using recent crash data from U.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRespir Care
September 2025
Dr. Thomasian and Prof. Wunsch are affiliated with Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Negative-pressure ventilation (NPV) is a form of noninvasive respiratory support in which an external subatmospheric pressure is applied to the thorax to facilitate lung expansion. Although largely supplanted by positive-pressure ventilation (PPV) in modern-day practice, NPV has garnered renewed interest as a potential noninvasive adjunct or alternative to PPV. Appropriate patient selection would be key, particularly in the ICU setting, where NPV is generally contraindicated in patients with severe upper airway obstruction, high oxygenation requirements, or absent airway reflexes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAJR Am J Roentgenol
September 2025
Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
The increasing complexity and volume of radiology reports present challenges for timely critical findings communication. To evaluate the performance of two out-of-the-box LLMs in detecting and classifying critical findings in radiology reports using various prompt strategies. The analysis included 252 radiology reports of varying modalities and anatomic regions extracted from the MIMIC-III database, divided into a prompt engineering tuning set of 50 reports, a holdout test set of 125 reports, and a pool of 77 remaining reports used as examples for few-shot prompting.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
August 2025
Vascular Surgery, Conde S. Januário Hospital, Macao, CHN.
Spontaneous femoral artery pseudoaneurysms (SFAPs) represent a rare vascular entity. We report the successful hybrid management of a large, wide-necked ruptured SFAP in an 85-year-old male. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) confirmed a massive pseudoaneurysm originating from the distal right superficial femoral artery (SFA) with severe circumferential arterial calcification.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPNAS Nexus
September 2025
Department of Human Behavior, Ecology and Culture, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, Leipzig 04103, Germany.
Cultural transmission across generations is key to cumulative cultural evolution. While several mechanisms-such as vertical, horizontal, and oblique transmission-have been studied for decades, how these mechanisms change across the life course, beyond childhood, remains unclear. Furthermore, it is under-explored whether different mechanisms apply to distinct learning processes: long-term learning-where individuals invest time and effort to acquire skills-and short-term learning-where individuals share information of immediate use.
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