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The present study evaluated the hypothesis that the strength of the relationship between executive function (EF) and repetitive behaviors and restricted interests (RBRI) symptomatology is moderated by the degree to which concurrent demands are placed on multiple aspects of EF. An eye movement task was used to evaluate inhibition and task switching ability (both together and in isolation) in a sample of 22 children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The Repetitive Behavior Scale-Revised (RBS-R) was used to assess the severity of RBRI symptoms. Results provide preliminary support for the aforementioned hypothesis. RBS-R scores were significantly correlated with task performance when simultaneous demands were placed on switching and inhibition; however, no such relationship was found for inhibition-only or switching-only task conditions.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05071-z | DOI Listing |
Cureus
August 2025
Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, CRI.
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental syndrome that impacts two main areas: social communication and restrictive or repetitive behaviors. Other symptoms and comorbidities may be manifested, according to the different clinical presentations and severity levels. ASD diagnosis can be performed by two years of age; however, certain diagnostic challenges may lead to a late diagnosis and significant intervention delay.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJAACAP Open
September 2025
Columbia University, New York, New York.
Objective: The serotonin system has long been implicated in autism spectrum disorder. A previous study reported lower whole blood serotonin (WB5-HT) concentrations in the mothers of children with more severe autism. This study attempted to replicate this finding in an independent cohort.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuropsychopharmacology
September 2025
Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is an emerging treatment for neuropsychiatric disorders that shows initial efficacy, safety, and tolerability in adolescents with treatment-resistant depression. As research expands to clinical trials testing rTMS in youth with other diagnoses and at younger ages, it is important to consider how neurodevelopmental factors might moderate or mediate rTMS effects and factor this into clinical trial design. In the current paper, we review how key domains of neurodevelopment may interact with rTMS, including neuroanatomy, neural circuit network topography, neuroplasticity, hormones, state-dependent effects, and psychosocial development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Med Internet Res
September 2025
Department of Statistics and Probability, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States.
We estimated linear mixed-effects models to analyze changes in language patterns (as measured using Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count) among neurodiverse youth to introduce a novel assessment useful for research into the potential benefits of special interests while minimizing respondent and researcher burden.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFToxicol Lett
September 2025
Mammalian Embryology, Department of Life Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University 3-4-1, Kowake, Higashiosaka, Osaka 577-8501, Japan. Electronic address:
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental disability characterized by impaired social communication and repetitive behaviors, and environmental and genetic factors are involved in its onset. The use of the antiepileptic drug valproic acid (VPA) during pregnancy is associated with neural tube defects and developmental disorders in the fetus. In this study, we aimed to identify abnormalities in cortical morphogenesis owing to prenatal VPA exposure and to elucidate the abnormalities in brain function associated with these abnormalities, particularly by comparing multiple and single environments.
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