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Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), a material with ferroelectric characteristics, is still extremely topical for the manufacturing of transducers, and different examples, some of which have been actively commercialized since the 1980s, are reported in the literature. In this work, we present a review focused on the PVDF technology for the manufacturing of in-air ultrasonic transducers, which found application in medical robotics, sonar systems, and automation industry (e.g., proximity sensors and obstacle detection). The aim is to provide a comprehensive view on the development of such ultrasonic transducers, highlighting the constructive choices and the advantages/disadvantages in a thorough and concise way.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TUFFC.2021.3078069 | DOI Listing |
Sci Adv
September 2025
State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System Engineering, State Industry-Education Integration Center for Medical Innovations, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technologies, Shaanxi Innovation Center for Special Sensing and Testing Technology in Extreme En
Continuous monitoring of cardiovascular vital signs can reduce the incidence and mortality of cardiovascular diseases, yet cannot be implemented by current technologies because of device bulkiness and rigidity. Here, we report self-adhesive and skin-conformal ultrasonic transducer arrays that enable wearable monitoring of multiple hemodynamic parameters without interfering with daily activities. A skin-adaptive focused ultrasound method with rational array design is proposed to implement measurement under wide ranges of skin curvatures and depths with improved sensing performances.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBioimpacts
August 2025
Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia.
Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS). CD4 CD25 Tregs, which normally suppress immune responses, exhibit impaired function in MS. Treg-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) carry immunoregulatory proteins and miRNAs that modulate T-cell activity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUltrason Sonochem
August 2025
Key Laboratory of Acoustics and Vibration Applied Measuring Technology, State Administration for Market Regulation, Hangzhou 310018, China.
Longitudinal vibration sandwich piezoelectric transducers with a stepped horn are widely used in high-intensity ultrasonic applications such as ultrasonic welding, ultrasonic machining, and ultrasonic cleaning. In these applications, due to the increased losses, transducers exhibit nonlinear phenomena such as heating, resonance frequency drift, and amplitude saturation. Consequently, existing linear theoretical models are no longer suitable for analyzing the nonlinear characteristics of such transducers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIEEE Trans Biomed Eng
September 2025
In order to solve the real-time positioning problem of flexible wearable ultrasonic transducer array unit under dynamic conditions, a new transducer array based on button flexible structure is designed. The design of push-button flexible hinge provides three-dimensional adaptive flexible deformation, and the dual ultrasonic array structure combining rigidity and flexibility provides real-time ultrasonic positioning means for flexible transducer array elements, thus realizing two-dimensional area array ultrasonic phased imaging in dynamic wearable scene. This design provides a new idea for the development of flexible wearable ultrasonic equipment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe ability of ultrasound imaging to deliver real-time visualization of tissue structures and surgical instruments can provide essential benefits in guiding medical interventions. In spinal cord injury research, small animal models are commonly used, but their size restricts the applicability of many standard ultrasound systems. Capacitive Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers (CMUTs) offer advantages over traditional piezoelectric transducers, including a smaller form factor, high design flexibility, and improved acoustic performance.
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