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So far, only a few reports about reinfections with SARS-CoV-2 have been published, and they often lack detailed immunological and virological data. We report about a SARS-CoV-2 reinfection with a genetically distinct SARS-CoV-2 variant in an immunocompetent female healthcare worker that has led to a mild disease course. No obvious viral escape mutations were observed in the second virus variant. The infectious virus was shed from the patient during the second infection episode despite the presence of neutralizing antibodies in her blood. Our data indicate that a moderate immune response after the first infection, but not a viral escape, did allow for reinfection and live virus shedding.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13040661 | DOI Listing |
Epidemiol Serv Saude
September 2025
Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Recife, PE, Brazil.
Objective: To estimate the incidence and factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 reinfection and post-vaccination infection in nursing professionals.
Methods: This was a prospective, descriptive, and analytical cohort study conducted in Recife from March 2020 to January 2023, following 399 nursing professionals. The cumulative incidences of COVID-19 infection and reinfection were estimated with a 95% confidence interval (95%CI).
PLoS One
September 2025
Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Background: Reinfections with SARS-CoV-2 have gained increasing relevance in the context of emerging immune-evasive variants and waning population immunity. Understanding their frequency and distribution is essential to guide public health strategies, particularly in middle-income countries. This study investigates the epidemiological patterns of SARS-CoV-2 reinfections in Espírito Santo, Brazil, using integrated notification and vaccination databases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Glob Public Health
September 2025
Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI) - Wellcome Trust Research Programme (KWTRP), Kilifi, Kenya.
Background: Between November 2023 and March 2024, coastal Kenya experienced another wave of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections detected through our continued genomic surveillance. Herein, we report the clinical and genomic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 infections from 179 individuals (a total of 185 positive samples) residing in the Kilifi Health and Demographic Surveillance System (KHDSS) area (~ 900 km).
Methods: We analyzed genetic, clinical, and epidemiological data from SARS-CoV-2 positive cases across pediatric inpatient, health facility outpatient, and homestead community surveillance platforms.
BMJ Public Health
August 2025
Epidemiology and Data Management Unit, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Division of Intramural Research, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Introduction: Immune-deficient/disordered people (IDP) elicit a less robust immune response to COVID-19 vaccination than the general US population. Despite millions of IDP at presumed elevated risk, few population-level studies of IDP have been conducted in the Omicron era to evaluate breakthrough infection-related outcomes.
Methods: We followed a prospective cohort of 219 IDP and 63 healthy volunteers (HV) in the USA from April 2021 (Alpha variant peak) to July 2023 (Omicron XBB variant peak).
J Virol
September 2025
Division of Medical Virology, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Unlabelled: Ongoing viral evolution in immunocompromised individuals with persistent infection may facilitate the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 and emergence of variants of concern (VOC). This study was conducted in the Western Cape Province of South Africa where the HIV prevalence is around 8%, with limited information on the frequency of persistent SARS-CoV-2 infection, the pattern of evolution in these individuals, and if these variants contribute to the diversity of circulating viruses. This study investigated 75 individuals with two or more SARS-CoV-2 diagnoses at least one month apart.
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