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Translocation between sex-chromosomes and autosomes generates multiple sex-chromosome systems. It happens unexpectedly, and therefore, the evolutionary meaning is not clear. The current study shows a multiple sex chromosome system comprising three different chromosome pairs in a Taiwanese brown frog (). The male-specific three translocations created a system of six sex-chromosomes, ♂XYXYXY-♀XXXXXX. It is unique in that the translocations occurred among three out of the six members of potential sex-determining chromosomes, which are known to be involved in sex-chromosome turnover in frogs, and the two out of three include orthologs of the sex-determining genes in mammals, birds and fishes. This rare case suggests sex-specific, nonrandom translocations and thus provides a new viewpoint for the evolutionary meaning of the multiple sex chromosome system.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10030661 | DOI Listing |
iScience
September 2025
Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, 1390 Storrs Road, Storrs, CT 06269-4163, USA.
Recent studies suggested that treating sperm with R848, a ligand for the X-linked Toll-like receptors 7 and 8 (TLR7/8) in mice, goats, and cattle, could selectively reduce the motility of X chromosome bearing sperm (X-sperm). This reduction enables the separation of X- and Y-sperm and thereby sex selection. However, through three species and multiple methods, our results challenged prior published data.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMult Scler
September 2025
Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Background: Tumefactive demyelination (TD) is a rare variant of multiple sclerosis (MS) characterized by tumor-like lesions that often require aggressive management. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified variants associated with MS; similar analyses in TD are lacking.
Objective: A GWAS was performed to identify variants associated with TD.
Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol
July 2025
Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece.
Objective: Refractory celiac disease-type II (RCDII) is the more severe and adverse form of celiac disease; however, its association with other autoimmune diseases remains unclear. We conducted a phenome-wide association study (PheWAS) to examine the association between the polygenic risk score (PRS) for RCDII and autoimmune diseases.
Methods: To construct the PRS-RCDII, we extracted summary statistics for three non-human leukocyte antigen genetic variants, which were independently associated with RCDII (r2 < 0.
NAR Genom Bioinform
September 2025
Ecologie Société et Evolution, CNRS, Universite Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
New reference genomes and transcriptomes are increasingly available across the tree of life, opening new avenues to tackle exciting questions. However, there are still challenges associated with annotating genomes and inferring evolutionary processes and with a lack of methodological standardisation. Here, we propose a new workflow designed for evolutionary analyses to overcome these challenges, facilitating the detection of recombination suppression and its consequences in terms of rearrangements and transposable element accumulation.
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August 2025
Kitasato University School of Veterinary Medicine, 35-1 Higashi-23bancho, Towada, Aomori, 034-8628, Japan.
Background: Sex chromosome abnormalities in cattle are rare, and manifestations of genital anomalies due to such abnormalities are even less frequently reported. Among these, XXX/XY chimerism is particularly uncommon. This report presents a Japanese black calf with complex urogenital malformations linked to XXX/XY chimerism, contributing valuable insights into bovine sex determination and reproductive development.
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