High expression of CPNE5 and CPNE9 predicts positive prognosis in multiple myeloma.

Background: CPNEs are significant biomarkers which can affect the progression and prognosis of various tumor diseases. However, the prognosis role of CPNEs in multiple myeloma (MM) is still unclear.

Objectives: To investigate the prognosis role of CPNEs in MM.

Methods: Seven hundred and thirty-five samples from two independent data sets were involved to analyze the clinical and molecular characteristics, and prognosis role of the expression of CPNE1-9 in MM.

Results: MM patients with higher expressions of CPNE5 and CPNE9 had longer event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) compared with CPNE5low and CPNE9low expression groups (EFS: P= 0.0054, 0.0065; OS: P= 0.015, 0.016, respectively). Multivariate regression analysis showed that CPNE5 was an independent favorable predictor for EFS and OS (EFS: P= 0.005; OS: P= 0.006), and CPNE9 was an independent positive indicator for EFS (P= 0.002). Moreover, the survival probability and the cumulative event of EFS and OS in CPNE5highCPNE9high group were significantly longer than other groups.

Conclusions: High expressions of CPNE5 and CPNE9 might be used as positive indicators for MM, and their combination was a better predictor for the survival of MM patients.