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Craniopagus conjoined twins are extraordinarily rare and present unique challenges to the multidisciplinary team. There is a paucity of literature on optimizing neuro-ophthalmologic evaluation in craniopagus twins. Herein, we present our enhanced neuro-ophthalmologic evaluation and management in 17-month-old male craniopagus twins, uniquely using handheld optical coherence tomography (OCT) plus portable slit-lamp biomicroscopy, indirect ophthalmoscopy and modified forced-choice preferential looking assessment. Staged surgical separation was supported by enhanced neuro-ophthalmologic evaluation, detailed radiology, three-dimensional printing and virtual reality simulation. This represents the fourth separation of craniopagus twins by our unit.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jscr/rjaa606 | DOI Listing |
Vet Q
December 2025
Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
Vitamin A in cattle is essential due to its antioxidant properties and importance in vision, immune function, reproduction, and cellular differentiation. This study investigates the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment outcomes of hypovitaminosis A in 15 Piedmontese calves, referred to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital in Turin for vision impairment between 2016 and 2024. Neurological and ophthalmological evaluations revealed hypovision or blindness in 87% of cases, with additional epileptic seizures in 13%.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
June 2025
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New Medical Centre (NMC) Specialty Hospital, Abu Dhabi, ARE.
Hyperprolactinemia is often linked to pituitary adenomas, medications, or systemic disorders, but it can also be triggered by stress. The relationship between stress and elevated prolactin levels is complex and requires thorough evaluation to rule out underlying pathological causes. We present the case of a 37-year-old non-pregnant female with a known history of ovarian endometriosis, diagnosed more than a decade ago and currently managed with dienogest 2 mg daily.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Immunol
June 2025
Department of General Practice, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China.
This article presents a case of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) secondary to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The patient initially presented with unexplained nausea, vomiting, intractable hiccups, and significant bradycardia (48 bpm). Cranial and spinal MRI findings were unremarkable, while serum aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G (AQP4-IgG) antibody titers were markedly elevated (1:320).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt Ophthalmol
June 2025
University of Health Sciences, Basaksehir Cam and Sakura City Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Istanbul, Turkey., Basaksehir Cam and Sakura City Hospital, Basaksehir Olympic Boulevard Road, 34480, Basaksehir/Istanbul, Turkey.
Purpose: To determine the prevalence of papilledema among patients referred for suspected papilledema and identify symptoms associated with increased intracranial pressure.
Methods: This retrospective study included 514 patients referred to the ophthalmology clinic with suspected papilledema. Patient records were reviewed for demographic details, symptoms, and diagnostic outcomes.
J Neuroophthalmol
May 2025
Department of Ophthalmology (MJP, MSB, MYC), Roski Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; Division of Ophthalmology (MWR, MSB, MYC), Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Ophthalmology (EDG, RAG, GH), Bost
Background: Serial fundus photography is commonly used to differentiate between papilledema and pseudopapilledema, but there are limited data on the interrater reliability and accuracy of interpreting these images in children. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the agreement and accuracy of pediatric neuro-ophthalmologists in classifying fundus photographs of children with papilledema and pseudopapilledema.
Methods: For this cross-sectional study, 3 masked experts (pediatric neuro-ophthalmologists) classified a multicenter image collection from children with a clinical diagnosis of either papilledema or pseudopapilledema, which was determined based on the results of history, examination, ancillary ophthalmic imaging, neuroimaging, and/or lumbar puncture.