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Process plans provide a structure for 1) identifying the tasks involved in a given process, 2) the resources needed to accomplish them, and 3) a variety of relationships and constraints between these. This information guides important operational decisions across various organizational levels, from the factory floor to the global supply chain. Efficient use of this information requires a concrete analytical model that can be easily represented in digital form. In this paper we present a modeling framework for process plans based on a branch of mathematics called category theory (CT). Specifically, string diagrams provide an intuitive yet precise graphical syntax for describing symmetric monoidal categories (SMCs), mathematical structures which support serial and parallel composition. Ideal for process representation, these structures also support a powerful mathematical toolkit. Here we use these tools to analyze the relationship between different levels of abstraction in process planning hierarchy. Our goal in this paper is to provide a precise mathematical account of similarities across levels of process hierarchy; to relate high-level axiomatization of the relationships across levels and to provide sound theoretical foundations for manipulations across levels.
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Palliat Support Care
September 2025
REHPA, The Danish Knowledge Centre for Rehabilitation and Palliative Care, Odense University Hospital, Nyborg, Denmark.
Objectives: This study aimed to investigate healthcare professionals' experiences with using the PRO Palliative Care questionnaire (PRO-Pall) to identify palliative care symptoms and problems in non-specialized palliative care settings among patients with heart, lung, and kidney disease, and cancer. The study also investigated the PRO-Pall's potential to ensure further initiatives and care.
Methods: A national, multicenter, observational study employing a mixed-methods approach.
Nutr Clin Pract
September 2025
Centre for Health Services Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Theoretical approaches can help to plan, guide, and evaluate implementation projects that target real-world practice problems. This paper provides an overview of the integrated Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (i-PARIHS) framework and summarizes its use in nutrition and dietetics research and practice. A narrative summary of its use was compiled from the published literature based on citations from two key reference sources of the i-PARIHS framework.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAesthetic Plast Surg
September 2025
Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, No.389 Xincun Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.
Background: The integration of digital tools in aesthetic medicine has enhanced the precision of facial feature analysis. Using concepts like the Golden Ratio, these technologies enable more objective assessments of facial proportions and symmetry. The beauty scanner-face analyzer (BS-FA) app offers a digital approach to evaluate geometric proportions and facial alignment, providing valuable data for preoperative planning in plastic surgery and aesthetic treatments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProg Cardiovasc Dis
September 2025
Department of Perioperative Cardiology and Cardiovascular Imaging, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Left atrial appendage (LAA) closure has emerged as a critical therapeutic option for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation who are unsuitable for long-term oral anticoagulation. Multimodality imaging plays a pivotal role throughout the LAA closure process, from pre-procedural planning to long-term follow-up. This review focuses on the complementary roles of cardiac computed tomography (CCT) and transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), outlining their respective strengths and limitations in various phases of LAA management, while also discussing the roles of intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) and fluoroscopy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGeriatr Nurs
September 2025
The Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China. Electronic address:
Through conceptualizing advance care planning (ACP) drawing on the model of preparation for future care needs, this study systematically reviewed the effectiveness of and participants' experience with motivational interviewing (MI) for ACP as a decisional process. A mixed-method systematic review following the guideline of JBI methodology were carried out on eligible studies by searching nine databases by December 2023. Fifteen studies were included in this systematic review.
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