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Dee (Reports, 27 March 2020, p. 1477) claimed that large volcanic eruptions do not produce a detectable El Niño response. However, they come to the wrong conclusion because they have ignored the fundamental climate response to large volcanic eruptions: Volcanic eruptions cool the surface, thus masking the relative El Niño warming.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abc0502 | DOI Listing |
Bull Volcanol
August 2025
Dept. of Physics and Geology, University of Perugia, Piazza Università, 1, Perugia, 06123 Italy.
Understanding the processes leading up to caldera-forming eruptions is essential for identifying precursory signals of catastrophic events. While these phenomena have been extensively studied in silicic systems, mafic volcanoes present unique challenges. Indeed, the high eruptive temperatures of mafic magmas might imply short storage in the cold upper crust and, thus, short periods of unrest preceding eruption, which could challenge our capacity to mitigate the impact of an imminent event.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Syst Evol Microbiol
September 2025
University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines.
A novel actinobacterium, designated as strain A1-08, was isolated from the volcanic soils of Mt. Mayon, Philippines. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that strain A1-08 belonged to the genus with sequence similarity with NBRC 15409 (99.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicroorganisms
August 2025
LAMIR Institute, Graduate Program in Geology, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba 81531-980, Paraná, Brazil.
Extreme environments, such as hypersaline habitats, hot springs, deep-sea hydrothermal vents, glaciers, and permafrost, provide diverse ecological niches for studying microbial evolution. However, knowledge of microbial communities in extreme environments at high southern latitudes remains limited, aside from Antarctica. Laguna Timone is a hypersaline crater lake located in a Pleistocene maar of the Pali Aike Volcanic Field, southern Patagonia; the lake was formed during basaltic eruptions in a periglacial setting.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
August 2025
Department of Earth Sciences, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK.
Volcanic eruptions exert a considerable influence on global climate and may impact large scale modes of atmospheric variability, including the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). However, little consensus on the nature of this relationship exists, partially because of the numerous possible NAO forcing mechanisms, the large number of variables associated with eruptions (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Adv
August 2025
NWU-HKU Joint Centre of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Most of Earth's volcanic eruptions are hidden beneath the ocean in complete darkness. Recent studies suggested that a type of impulsive event can track submarine lava flows, but their source mechanism remains uncertain. We analyze >20,000 impulsive events from the 2015 Axial Seamount eruption and find that their seismo-acoustic waveform characteristics suggest an implosive source mechanism.
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