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This review summarizes the use of photoreactions that replace conventional heating processes for growing oxide thin films from chemical solutions. In particular, this review outlines key variables in photoreactions that affect epitaxial and polycrystalline thin film growth, including precursor materials, laser wavelength, laser fluence, and carbon. In addition, the features of the photoreaction process that can be controlled at a low temperature by oxygen non-stoichiometry are examined. Likewise, functions that are neither achieved by developing a gradient structure nor controlled by a thermal equilibrium reaction are detailed. Two new concepts are presented, known as photoreaction of nanoparticles (PRNP) and photoreaction of a hybrid solutions (PRHS), in which crystal nuclei are pre-dispersed in a metal-organic compound film. This method has successfully produced flexible phosphor films used as resistor or thermistor electronic components. Finally, thin film growth using different light sources such as flash lamps and femtosecond lasers (fs) is explored.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.201905879 | DOI Listing |
Bioorg Med Chem Lett
September 2025
Department of Chemistry, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine. Electronic address:
Phospholipid-derived nanocarriers represent a versatile and chemically customizable class of drug delivery systems that self-assemble into bilayered vesicles due to their intrinsic amphiphilicity. These systems can encapsulate both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs through non-covalent interactions and manipulation of lipid phase behavior. This review examines the molecular and supramolecular principles underlying the formation, stability, and functional performance of key phospholipid-based nanocarriers-including liposomes, transferosomes, ethosomes, invasomes, phytosomes, pharmacosomes, and virosomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Appl Mater Interfaces
September 2025
N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
While fluorene-containing materials are widely used in organic optoelectronics as bright emitters and hole semiconductors, their diazafluorene analogues have been poorly explored, though their nitrogen atoms could result in electron transport and bring sensory abilities. Here, we report the synthesis, characterization, and detailed study of a series of 4,5-diazafluorene-derivatives with different donor/acceptor substituents and organic semiconductors based on these molecules. The crystal structures of all the materials were solved by X-ray diffraction, indicating the presence of extensive π-stacking and anisotropic charge-transfer pathways.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Mater
September 2025
Dept. of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
Altermagnets are a newly identified family of collinear antiferromagnets with a momentum-dependent spin-split band structure of non-relativistic origin, derived from spin-group symmetry-protected crystal structures. Among candidate altermagnets, CrSb is attractive for potential applications because of a large spin-splitting near the Fermi level and a high Néel transition temperature of around 700 K. Molecular beam epitaxy is used to synthesize CrSb (0001) thin films with thicknesses ranging from 10 to 100 nm.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDrug Deliv Transl Res
September 2025
Pharmaceutics and Drug Manufacturing Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information (MTI), Cairo, 11571, Egypt.
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disorder with limited topical treatment options and long-term corticosteroid dependency. This study investigates a novel atorvastatin-loaded hyalurosomal gel (ATV-Hyalugel) as a topical adjuvant to reduce systemic corticosteroid use in severe OLP. The objective of the study is to develop, optimize, characterize ATV-Hyalugel and evaluate its clinical efficacy in a randomized controlled clinical trial.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCarbohydr Polym
November 2025
Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, E. Orabona St., 70125 Bari, Italy.
Direct printing of pharmaceutical powders allows the creation of personalized paediatric dosage forms, such as orodispersible films (ODFs). In this study, we present an optimized protocol to prepare midazolam (MDZ)/γ-cyclodextrin (γ-CD) inclusion complex-loaded ODFs using the innovative direct powder extrusion 3D printing technique (DPE). ODFs were formulated with a polymer blend consisting of polyethylene oxide and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, in the presence or without γ-CD.
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