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Uranium is naturally found in the environment as a radioactive metal element with high concentrations in the Southwestern US. In this region is the Navajo Nation, which spans approximately 69,930 square kilometers. A decay product of uranium is radon gas, a lung carcinogen that has no color, odor, or taste. Radon gas may pass from soil into homes; and, indoor accumulation has been associated with geographical location, seasonality, home construction materials, and home ventilation. A home and indoor radon survey was conducted from November 2014 through May 2015, with volunteers who reported residence on the Navajo Nation. Home geolocation, structural characteristics, temperature (°C) during radon testing, and elevation (meters) were recorded. Short-term indoor radon kits were used to measure indoor radon levels. 51 homes were measured for indoor radon levels, with an arithmetic mean concentration of 60.5 Becquerels per cubic meter (Bq/m) (SD = 42.7). The mean indoor radon concentrations (Bq/m) by house type were: mobile, 29.0 (SD = 22.9); wood, 58.6 (SD = 36.0); hogan, 74.0 (SD = 0.0); homes constructed of cement and wood, 82.6 (SD = 3.5); and homes constructed of concrete and cement, 105.7 (SD = 55.8). A key observation is that house construction type appears to be associated with the mean home indoor radon concentration. This observation has been published in that the basic structural make-up of the home may affect home ventilation and therefore indoor radon concentration levels.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17082813 | DOI Listing |
Front Public Health
September 2025
Western Switzerland Center for Indoor Air Quality and Radon (croqAIR), Transform Institute, School of Engineering and Architecture of Fribourg, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Fribourg, Switzerland.
Since the 1980s, radon has been recognized as a public health concern in Switzerland and internationally. In an effort to more accurately estimate the number of lung cancer cases attributable to radon exposure, Swiss health authorities initiated the creation of radon measurements into a centralized national database. As of 2025, this database comprises approximately 300,000 measurements from 150,000 buildings across the country.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIsotopes Environ Health Stud
August 2025
Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Raparin, Ranya, Iraq.
Naturally occurring radioactive gases in soil, such as radon, are recognized for their significant impact on local air quality and potential health risks to nearby populations. The disturbance of the Earth's surface through excavation activities can enhance the release of these gases, increasing the likelihood of radon exposure. This study investigates soil samples collected from various sites across the Halabja governorate in Iraq to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the area's radiological profile.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAppl Radiat Isot
November 2025
Department of Physics, Cotton University, Guwahati, 781001, Assam, India. Electronic address:
This study investigates indoor levels of Rn, Rn, and their progeny in houses located within the seismically active Kopili Fault Zone on the eastern wedge of the Shillong Plateau. Single-entry pinhole dosemeters and deposition-based progeny sensors with LR-115 (II) nuclear track detectors were used for the measurements, which were carried out over a 3-month exposure period during the winter season (December to February). The Rn concentrations ranged from 135.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Total Environ
August 2025
Italian National Institute of Health, National Center for Radiation Protection and Computational Physics, viale Regina Elena 299, I-00161 Roma, Italy.
Indoor radon exposure represents a significant environmental health hazard and is a recognised leading cause of lung cancer, characterized by complex, multifactorial origins. Despite its importance, a substantial portion of the variability in indoor radon concentration (IRC) remains unexplained by traditional models. This study, for the first time, leverages the combined power of explainable AI (XAI) and a comprehensive, high-quality dataset from the Second Italian National Radon Survey to address this critical gap.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAppl Radiat Isot
November 2025
University of Pannonia, Institute for Radiochemistry and Radioecology, Veszprém, Hungary. Electronic address:
In Europe, people spend most of their time in buildings. The indoor gamma radiation has the highest contribution to our natural exposure after the inhalation of radon and its daughter elements and its level can reach sometimes very high values. But there is no reference level which can support the decision about the necessity of mitigation actions.
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