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Pharmacogenetics, the genetic influence on the interpersonal variability in drug response, has enabled tailored pharmacotherapy and emerging 'personalized medicine.' Although oncology spearheaded the clinical implementation of personalized medicine, other specialties are rapidly catching up. In anesthesia, classical examples of genetically mediated idiosyncratic reactions have been long known (e.g., malignant hyperthermia and prolonged apnea after succinylcholine). The last two decades have witnessed an expanding body of pharmacogenetic evidence in anesthesia. This review highlights some of the prominent pharmacogenetic associations studied in anesthesia and pain management, with special focus on pediatric anesthesia.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7132778 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/pgs-2019-0108 | DOI Listing |
Asian J Endosc Surg
September 2025
Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shizuoka Children's Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan.
Introduction: Total splenectomy in children increases the risk of overwhelming post-splenectomy infection (OPSI). Laparoscopic subtotal splenectomy (LSS) is a technique to preserve splenic function while managing disease burden in pediatric hematologic disorders.
Materials And Surgical Technique: Three children aged 4 to 9 years with juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML) or hereditary spherocytosis underwent LSS.
Resuscitation
September 2025
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and The University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Division of Neonatology, 2(nd) Floor, Main Building, 3401 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Aim: Flow disruptions (FDs) are deviations in the progression of care that compromise safety and efficiency of a specific process. Neonatal intubation is a life-saving high-risk procedure required for delivery room (DR) management of neonates with moderate to severe congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). This study evaluated FDs during DR intubation of neonates with CDH and their association with process and outcome measures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Paediatr Child Health
September 2025
Pediatric Surgery Unit, Department of Maternal and Child's Health, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.
Paediatr Anaesth
September 2025
Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Introduction: Endotracheal tube (ETT) cuff pressures that exceed 20-30 cmHO may lead to iatrogenic adverse effects such as cough, sore throat, and tracheal edema or more serious complications including tracheal stenosis, recurrent laryngeal nerve injury, and tracheal rupture. The current study evaluates a novel technique, titration of the ratio of expiratory to inspiratory tidal volumes (TV), to regulate intracuff pressure.
Methods: This prospective, cross-over trial measured intracuff pressure in a cohort of pediatric patients presenting for general anesthesia with an ETT.
Paediatr Anaesth
September 2025
Department of Paediatric Anaesthesia, Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.