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Purpose: Urinary iodine concentration (UIC (μg/ml) from spot urine samples collected from school-aged children is used to determine the iodine status of populations. Some studies further extrapolate UIC to represent daily iodine intake, based on the assumption that children pass approximately 1 L urine over 24-h, but this has never been assessed in population studies. Therefore, the present review aimed to collate and produce an estimate of the average 24-h urine volume of children and adolescents (> 1 year and < 19 years) from published studies.
Methods: EBSCOHOST and EMBASE databases were searched to identify studies which reported the mean 24-h urinary volume of healthy children (> 1 year and < 19 years). The overall mean (95% CI) estimate of 24-h urine volume was determined using a random effects model, broken down by age group.
Results: Of the 44 studies identified, a meta-analysis of 27 studies, with at least one criterion for assessing the completeness of urine collections, indicated that the mean urine volume of 2-19 year olds was 773 (654, 893) (95% CI) mL/24-h. When broken down by age group, mean (95% CI) 24-h urine volume was 531 mL/day (454, 607) for 2-5 year olds, 771 mL/day (734, 808) for 6-12 year olds, and 1067 mL/day (855, 1279) for 13-19 year olds.
Conclusions: These results demonstrate that the average urine volume of children aged 2-12 years is less than 1 L, therefore, misclassification of iodine intakes may occur when urine volumes fall below or above 1 L. Future studies utilizing spot urine samples to assess iodine status should consider this when extrapolating UIC to represent iodine intakes of a population.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00394-019-02151-w | DOI Listing |
JMIR Public Health Surveill
September 2025
Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, 73 Goryeodae-ro, Seoungbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea, 82 2-2286-1169.
Background: Scrub typhus (ST), also known as tsutsugamushi disease, is a common febrile vector-borne illness in South Korea, transmitted by trombiculid mites infected with Orientia tsutsugamushi, with rodents serving as the main hosts. Although vector-borne diseases like ST require both a One Health approach and a spatiotemporal perspective to fully understand their complex dynamics, previous studies have often lacked integrated analyses that simultaneously address disease dynamics, vectors, and environmental shifts.
Objective: We aimed to explore spatiotemporal trends, high-risk areas, and risk factors of ST by simultaneously incorporating host and environmental information.
J Sex Marital Ther
September 2025
Department of Psychiatry, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Türkiye.
The etiology of gender dysphoria (GD) involves both biological and psychosocial factors and may have a neurodevelopmental aspect. We aimed to compare individuals with GD with each other and with cisgender individuals based on minor physical anomalies (MPAs). The case group comprised 108 individuals with GD (60 GD assigned female at birth [AFAB]; 48 GD assigned male at birth [AMAB]), most with same-biological-sex attraction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEpidemiol Serv Saude
September 2025
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Objective: To analyze the mental health of Brazilian adolescent mothers who use the Unified Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde, SUS).
Methods: This is a multicenter study conducted with 583 adolescent mothers (10-19 years old). The participants responded to a questionnaire on sociodemographic variables, mental health and family support.
J Bras Pneumol
September 2025
. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis (SC) Brasil.
Objective: To describe the impact of severe asthma in a real-life cohort in Brazil, reporting on baseline clinical characteristics, access to treatment, and clinical remission under treatment with biologics.
Methods: Severe asthma patients > 6 years of age were recruited from 23 centers in Brazil. Data on clinical characteristics, lung function, biomarkers, prescribed therapies, and clinical remission under treatment were collected at the baseline visit.
Arq Gastroenterol
September 2025
Escola Superior de Ciências da Saúde, Fundação de Ensino e Pesquisa em Ciências da Saúde, Brasília, DF, Brasil.
Objectives: This study aimed to translate the Neurogenic Bowel Dysfunction Score into Brazilian Portuguese, adapting it culturally and validating it semantically.
Methods: The process followed international guidelines for translation, back-translation, cultural adaptation, and semantic validation, involving a committee of specialists and a pre-test with 10 Brazilian pediatric patients with neurogenic bowel dysfunction (mean age: 11 years). Participants were divided into two groups, depending on whether they used transanal irrigation for intestinal management.