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Imaging plays a central role in the evaluation of patients following cardiothoracic surgery, both for monitoring in the early postoperative period and for assessing for suspected complications. Patients with postsurgical complications can develop a range of signs and symptoms, from hypotension and tachycardia, as the result of severe bleeding, to fever and leukocytosis because of infection. The radiologist is an important member of the care team in the postoperative period, helping identify and manage complications of cardiothoracic surgery. This article reviews the common complications of cardiothoracic surgery focusing on the role of imaging and clues to diagnosis.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rcl.2019.08.009 | DOI Listing |
Mol Syst Biol
September 2025
Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Vascular sites have distinct susceptibility to atherosclerosis and aneurysm, yet the epigenomic and transcriptomic underpinning of vascular site-specific disease risk is largely unknown. Here, we performed single-cell chromatin accessibility (scATACseq) and gene expression profiling (scRNAseq) of mouse vascular tissue from three vascular sites. Through interrogation of epigenomic enhancers and gene regulatory networks, we discovered key regulatory enhancers to not only be cell type, but vascular site-specific.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBr J Anaesth
September 2025
Department of Anaesthesiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location 'AMC', Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Anaesthesiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Background: The relationship between intraoperative end-tidal CO (etCO) levels and postoperative outcomes remains unclear. We conducted a post hoc analysis of two randomised trials in adults undergoing major surgery under general anaesthesia.
Methods: We re-analysed individual participant data comparing high or low positive end-expiratory pressure with low tidal volume intraoperative ventilation using a merged database derived from two randomised trials in non-obese (PROVHILO: ISRCTN70332574) and obese (PROBESE: NCT02148692) patients.
Ann Thorac Surg
September 2025
Department of Surgery, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO.
Background: The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine has increased dramatically. Its utilization will expand in cardiothoracic (CT) surgery, altering current practice. We surveyed CT surgeons to gain insight into their beliefs, hopes, and fears regarding AI.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHeart Lung
September 2025
Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Fujian 361000, China. Electronic address:
Background: Pneumothorax, a common pleural disease, has an unclear pathogenesis. Observational studies suggest that inflammation may directly or indirectly contribute to the development of pneumothorax.
Objectives: To investigate the causal relationship between circulating inflammatory proteins and pneumothorax using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.
JACC Heart Fail
September 2025
German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK); Heart Center Leipzig, Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
Background: Residual congestion at hospital discharge after an episode of acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) is associated with poor prognosis. There is no consensus on how optimal decongestion should be assessed.
Objectives: This study aims to determine whether decongestive therapy guided by ultrasound measurements of inferior vena cava (IVC) diameters leads to greater reductions in N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels from baseline to hospital discharge as compared with decongestion treatment guided by clinical assessment alone.