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Although the advantages of sp -rich, sterically complicated molecules in drug development have been pointed out, modern screening libraries are filled with planar, sp -rich components. Compounds that are sp -rich are difficult to synthesize, and thus we aimed to invent an efficient method to construct sp -rich libraries. By modifying sp -rich 7-azanorbornane scaffolds through click chemistry, we efficiently prepared a small set of compounds. These compounds were not only sp -rich, but also had sufficient "lead-like" properties in view of molecular weights and hydrophobicity. Screening assays of this library provided weak κ opioid receptor agonists and growth hormone secretagogue receptor agonists with high hit rates. These results indicate that the 7-azanorbornane scaffold may be a "privileged structure" for lead identification in drug discovery.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cmdc.201900398 | DOI Listing |
Kidney Blood Press Res
August 2025
Primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by a deficiency of the hepatic peroxisomal enzyme alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT), which catalyses the conversion of glyoxylate to glycine, resulting in increased oxalate production. The clinical consequences of the progressive build up of oxalates include nephrocalcinosis, nephrolithiasis, chronic kidney disease and ultimately renal failure with extra-renal involvement. The diagnosis of PH1 is challenging due to the non-specific nature of its symptoms and the need for costly genetic testing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurobiol Dis
September 2025
F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Department, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Human Neuron Core, Rosamund Stone Zander Translational Neuroscience Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
CDKL5 deficiency disorder (CDD) is a rare developmental and epileptic encephalopathy resulting from variants in cyclin-dependent kinase-like 5 (CDKL5) that lead to impaired kinase activity or loss of function. CDD is one of the most common genetic etiologies identified in epilepsy cohorts. To study how CDKL5 variants impact human neuronal activity, gene expression and morphology, CDD patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells and their isogenic controls were differentiated into excitatory neurons using either an NGN2 induction protocol or a guided cortical organoid differentiation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBioorg Med Chem
September 2025
School of Pharmacy & Collaborative Innovation Center for Northwestern Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China. Electronic address:
Pan-inhibitions of Bromodomain and Extra Terminal Domain (BET) proteins have shown great potential in anti-tumor therapy but exhibited clinical toxicities, while selective inhibition of BRD4-BD2 could improve specificity and have better safety. Herein, a series of indole-2-one derivatives were designed and synthesized as novel BD2-selective inhibitors. The representative compound 47 showed good inhibitory effect on BRD4-BD2 with the IC of 27 nM and displayed 102-fold selectivity over BRD4-BD1, and exhibited extensive anti-tumor proliferation activities in vitro, especially against tumor cells, such as K562 and HGC-27 (IC = 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Phys Chem B
September 2025
Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India.
Understanding the evaporation mechanism of liquid ethanol and ethanol-water binary mixtures is important for numerous scientific and industrial processes. The amount of water in liquid water-ethanol mixtures can significantly affect how quickly ethanol molecules evaporate. Here, we study the mechanism and rate of evaporation of ethanol from pure liquid ethanol and ethanol/water binary mixtures through both unbiased molecular dynamics simulations and biased simulations using the umbrella sampling method.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
September 2025
Department of Archaeology and Heritage Studies, School of Culture and Society, Aarhus University, Højbjerg, Denmark.
This article presents a multiproxy investigation of metal samples obtained from 48 Nuragic figurines (so-called bronzetti) and three copper bun ingots. These objects originate from three prominent Sardinian sanctuaries and one unidentified site, dating to the late Nuragic period of the early first millennium BCE. The dataset significantly expands the existing scientific database and unwraps the complex fabrication biographies of the figurines from ore to finished object.
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