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Objective: Shortness of the pectoralis minor (PM) is a potential mechanism underlying shoulder impingement syndrome. Few studies have examined the effects of kinesiotaping and stretching exercise on PM length or index. This systematic review and network meta-analysis investigated the effects of stretching exercise and kinesiotaping on PM length and index in adults.
Methods: This study followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Randomised controlled trials including adults with or without symptomatic shoulders were included. Heterogeneity between studies was assessed using I2 statistics, and publication bias was evaluated by constructing a funnel plot.
Results: We extracted data from six randomised controlled trials that included 263 participants (age range: 18-50 years). Compared with usual care, kinesiotaping resulted in greater improvement in PM length (mean difference, 1.15 cm; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.20-2.10 cm). Compared with usual care and kinesiotaping, proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching increased PMI significantly, with a mean difference of 1.40 (95% CI: 1.17-1.63) and 1.08 (95% CI: 0.29-1.87) cm, respectively.
Conclusion: Compared with no intervention, kinesiotaping is beneficial for lengthening the PM. Intervention with static stretching alone has no effect on PM length. Compared with kinesiotaping alone and no intervention, PNF stretching increases PMI.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ptsp.2019.08.003 | DOI Listing |
J Pediatr Surg
September 2025
Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, Seattle Children's Hospital, 4800 Sand Point Way NE, Ocean 9.A.220, Seattle, WA 98105, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Washington, 1959 Pacific Street, Box 356410, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
Purpose: First rib fractures in children are typically associated with high-impact trauma; atraumatic etiologies remain understudied. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the presentation and management of pediatric first rib fractures in the absence of major trauma.
Methods: This is a retrospective study of pediatric patients diagnosed with first rib fractures between 2000-2023 at a quaternary, free-standing children's hospital.
Mult Scler Relat Disord
September 2025
Center for Neuropsychology and Neuroscience Research, Kessler Foundation, West Orange, NJ, USA; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Rutgers NJ Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA. Electronic address:
Background: Safety, adherence, and compliance have been poorly-characterized in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of exercise training within multiple sclerosis (MS) research. The MoXFo initiative recently proposed standard criteria for defining exercise safety, adherence, and compliance, yet these criteria have infrequently been applied within an exercise training RCT involving people with MS.
Objective: This study applied published criteria for characterizing safety, adherence, and compliance within a RCT that compared 12-weeks of supervised treadmill walking exercise (TMWX) training (intervention condition) with 12-weeks of stretching-and-toning (active control condition) among fully-ambulatory persons with MS who demonstrated slowed cognitive processing speed (CPS).
Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) has deep roots in neurological rehabilitation for the treatment of neuromuscular disorders that has carried over into musculoskeletal rehabilitation and human performance. There are two major aspects of PNF in musculoskeletal practice, stretching and strengthening, but this commentary only addresses the effects of strengthening. Techniques that do not incorporate all the original principles and guidelines as described in the literature are often miscategorized as PNF.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPediatr Phys Ther
September 2025
Hillsboro, Oregon (Dr Quinn); Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon (Dr Sloane).
Purpose: This case report describes the combined use of whole-body vibration (WBV), serial casting (SC), and physical therapy (PT) for a child with hemiplegic cerebral palsy (HCP).
Summary Of Key Points: A 3-year 10-month-old male with HCP was followed for 10 months. Treatment included 9 weeks of SC due to ankle plantarflexion contracture, hypertonicity, poor orthotic tolerance, and gait limitations.
Front Physiol
August 2025
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Introduction: Aerobic exercise intensity differentially impacts cognitive function and brain activity, but the optimal intensity for enhancing cognitive function and cortical activity remains unclear. This study investigates the effects of low- and moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (LAE/MAE) on cognition, gait, and brain dynamics in healthy young adults.
Methods: Forty-nine participants were assigned to stretching (SE), LAE, or MAE groups, and their cognitive function was assessed using various tasks before and after exercise, cortical activation was monitored using functional near-infrared spectroscopy, and gait parameters and stability indices were measured using a video motion and posture analysis system.