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The Stroop task gives rise to two major conflicts: the task conflict (respond to the color vs. read the word) and the information conflict that can result from the stimulus-response compatibility (SRC; difference between two responses) or from the stimulus-stimulus compatibility (SSC; difference between the two contradictive pieces of information). We conducted a two-to-one Stroop experiment (i.e., two colors are mapped to one response key) and measured reaction time and pupil dilation. The results showed clear evidence for informational conflict composed of both the SRC and SSC. In addition, pupil indications for task conflict appeared earlier than indications for both the SSC and the SRC, in line with the theory regarding task conflict.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13421-019-00971-z | DOI Listing |
Patient
September 2025
PPD Evidera Patient-Centered Research, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA.
Background: Migraine care is often suboptimal owing to undertreatment, variation in clinical outcomes and administration methods among existing treatments, and between- and within-individual heterogeneity in the clinical course of migraine. In response to these challenges, preference studies have been increasingly conducted to inform treatment decision-making and development. However, gaps remain in understanding how treatment preferences have been assessed across different migraine studies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Comput Assist Radiol Surg
September 2025
Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Neonatal and Pediatric Craniofacial Airway Orthodontics, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 770 Welch Road, Palo Alto, CA, 94394, USA.
Background: Alveolar molding plate treatment (AMPT) plays a critical role in preparing neonates with cleft lip and palate (CLP) for the first reconstruction surgery (cleft lip repair). However, determining the number of adjustments to AMPT in near-normalizing cleft deformity prior to surgery is a challenging task, often affecting the treatment duration. This study explores the use of machine learning in predicting treatment duration based on three-dimensional (3D) assessments of the pre-treatment maxillary cleft deformity as part of individualized treatment planning.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Youth Adolesc
September 2025
Substantive-Methodological Synergy Research Laboratory, Concordia University, Montreal, QB, Canada.
Young adults use a combination of coping strategies to deal with challenges. Yet, limited research has focused on these combinations, as they differ across different profiles of youth and their implications during the major life transitions of emerging adulthood. Addressing this gap, the present longitudinal person-centered study assesses the nature, stability, predictors (stressful life events, sex), and outcomes (affect, attitude toward life, physical symptoms) of coping profiles during this period.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExp Brain Res
September 2025
Siena Brain Investigation and Neuromodulation Lab (Si-BIN Lab), Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Section, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
Postdiction is a perceptual phenomenon where the perception of an earlier stimulus is influenced by a later one. This effect is commonly studied using the 'rabbit illusion', in which temporally regular, but spatially irregular, stimuli are perceived as equidistant. While previous research has focused on short inter-stimulus intervals (100-200 ms), the role of longer intervals, which may engage late attentional processes, remains unexplored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWorld J Urol
September 2025
Department of Urology, Hospital Clínico San Borja Arriarán, Santiago, Chile.
Purpose: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is a common technique in the surgical management of renal lithiasis, but it also represents a significant workload for surgeons. Factors such as the patient's position and the type of lithotripter used influence the physical and mental load on the surgeon. The study aimed to identify stressors related to PCNL by comparing the physical and mental workload experienced by urologists during PCNL under different patient positions and using two lithotripters.
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