98%
921
2 minutes
20
A number of studies suggest that scientific papers with women in leading-author positions attract fewer citations than those with men in leading-author positions. We report the results of a matched case-control study of 1,269,542 papers in selected areas of medicine published between 2008 and 2014. We find that papers with female authors are, on average, cited between 6.5 and 12.6% less than papers with male authors. However, the standardized mean differences are very small, and the percentage overlaps between the distributions for male and female authors are extensive. Adjusting for self-citations, number of authors, international collaboration and journal prestige, we find near-identical per-paper citation impact for women and men in first and last author positions, with self-citations and journal prestige accounting for most of the small average differences. Our study demonstrates the importance of focusing greater attention on within-group variability and between-group overlap of distributions when interpreting and reporting results of gender-based comparisons of citation impact.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6677534 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.45374 | DOI Listing |
Front Sociol
August 2025
Laboratory of Anthropology of Contemporary Worlds (LAMC), Faculty of Philosophy and Social Sciences, Institute of Sociology, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.
Contemporary debates about artificial intelligence (AI) still treat automation as a straightforward substitution of human labor by machines. Drawing on Goffman's dramaturgical sociology, this paper reframes AI in the workplace as rather than automation. We argue that the central-but routinely overlooked-terrain of struggle is symbolic-interactional: workers continuously stage, conceal, and re-negotiate what counts as "real" work and professional competence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neurol Surg B Skull Base
October 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States.
Introduction: Fellowship training has become increasingly sought after by neurosurgeons aiming for academic careers over the last two decades. This study assesses American Board of Neurological Surgeons board-certified neurosurgeons specializing in skull base or open cerebrovascular surgery between 2013 and 2023, focusing on identifying academic career predictors through demographic and academic outputs.
Methods: The study utilized the American Association of Neurological Surgeons Neurosurgical Fellowship Training Program Directory to identify neurosurgeons certified from 2013 to 2023, gathering demographic details and academic productivity from Scopus.
PLoS One
September 2025
Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Scotland.
The objective of this retrospective study was to explore gendered equity for invited speakers at the European College of Veterinary Surgery (ECVS) Annual Scientific Meeting between 2012-2022 when compared to speciality demographics for ECVS membership. Our sample populations included the European College of Veterinary Surgeons (ECVS) Diplomate membership, and all invited speakers at their Annual Scientific Meetings between 2012-2022. Data was extracted from Meeting Programs including year, speaker name, session type, and frequency of invitation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmaceuticals (Basel)
August 2025
Department of Toxicology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, 3 Rokietnicka Street, 60-631 Poznań, Poland.
In recent years, an increasing amount of research has investigated the impact of chronic inflammation on the development and progression of both neurological and psychiatric disorders, including epilepsy, depression, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder. Moreover, growing attention is being paid to how inflammatory processes contribute to disease mechanisms, influence symptom severity, and interact with pharmacological treatments in these conditions. Changes in the levels of inflammatory biomarkers, such as cytokines and C-reactive protein, may signal the early stages of neurological disorder development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
July 2025
Department of Medical Education, Nova Southeastern University's Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Allopathic Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, USA.
Introduction The current and projected nationwide shortage of primary care physicians necessitates studying factors that could influence students' specialty choice for their future medical practice. This study evaluates the influence of potential factors involved in students' decision-making process regarding specialty selection and proposes appropriate mitigations to enhance interest in primary care specialties. Methods Students completed an anonymous 43-question online survey distributed across three medical schools in Florida and California.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF