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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2019.06.006 | DOI Listing |
Int J Mol Sci
August 2025
IntellxxDNATM, Austin, TX 78731, USA.
Treatment-resistant mental health concerns significantly contribute to society in terms of financial costs and individually by creating emotional and functional costs. An important yet little-recognized cause of treatment-resistant mental health conditions is tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) deficiency. BH4 is an essential cofactor for producing serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine, and nitric oxide-molecules critical to mood and focus.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNPJ Parkinsons Dis
May 2025
Department of Neurology, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Bi-allelic autosomal recessive pathogenic variants in DNAJC12 lead to a constellation of neurological features, including young-onset Parkinson's disease. DNAJC12 is a co-chaperone for enzymes involved in biogenic amines synthesis. In vitro, we discovered overexpressed DNAJC12 forms a complex with guanine triphosphate cyclohydrolase 1 (GCH1), a rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of tetrahydrobiopterin, a cofactor for biogenic amine synthesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neurodev Disord
April 2025
Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK.
It is well accepted that attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is in part driven by dysfunction in the monoaminergic neurotransmitter system, but both the extent of dysfunction and possible therapeutic avenues presented by serotonergic neurotransmission is frequently overlooked. As such, we present key evidence for dysfunction in serotonergic transmission, as seen from biochemical, genetic and pharmacological perspectives. An overall deficit in serotonin availability is a common theme throughout the literature, thus this review aims to explore possible dysfunctions in the serotonin synthesis pathway which result in this reduced bioavailability, and investigate whether such dysfunctions could be loci of change in ADHD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrain Sci
February 2025
Laboratório de Bioenergética e Estresse Oxidativo-LABOX, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil.
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction, along with restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities. ASD encompasses a wide spectrum of clinical presentations and functional impairments, ranging from mild to severe. Despite its prevalence, the underlying physiopathological mechanisms of ASD remain largely unknown, resulting in a lack of effective targeted therapeutic interventions, contributing to significant financial and emotional burdens on affected families and the healthcare system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF