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A series of tetracationic quadrupolar chromophores containing three-coordinate boron π-acceptors linked by different π-bridges, namely 4,4'-biphenyl, 2,7-pyrene, 2,7-fluorene, 3,6-carbazole and 5,5'-di(thien-2-yl)-3,6-diketopyrrolopyrrole, were synthesized. While their neutral precursors displayed highly solvatochromic fluorescence, the water-soluble tetracationic target molecules , did not, but their emission colour could be tuned from blue to pink by changing the π-bridge. Compound , containing the diketopyrrolopyrrole bridge, exhibits the most red-shifted absorption and emission maxima and the largest two-photon absorption cross-section (4560 GM at 740 nm in MeCN). Confocal laser scanning fluorescence microscopy studies in live cells confirm localization of the dye at the lysosome. Moreover, the low cytotoxicity, and high photostability of combined with two-photon excited fluorescence imaging studies demonstrate its excellent potential for lysosomal imaging in live cells.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9sc00793h | DOI Listing |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
September 2025
Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208016, India.
Agonist-induced interaction of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) with β-arrestins (βarrs) is a critical mechanism that regulates the spatiotemporal pattern of receptor localization and signaling. While the underlying mechanism governing GPCR-βarr interaction is primarily conserved and involves receptor activation and phosphorylation, there are several examples of receptor-specific fine-tuning of βarr-mediated functional outcomes. Considering the key contribution of conformational plasticity of βarrs in driving receptor-specific functional responses, it is important to develop novel sensors capable of reporting distinct βarr conformations in cellular context.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Cell Biol
November 2025
Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Phosphatidic acid (PA) regulates lipid homeostasis and vesicular trafficking, yet high-affinity tools to study PA in live cells are lacking. We identified the lipin-like sequence of Nir1 (PILS-Nir1) as a candidate PA biosensor based on structural analysis of Nir1's LNS2 domain. Using liposome-binding assays and pharmacological and genetic manipulations in HEK293A cells expressing fluorescent PILS-Nir1, we found that while PILS-Nir1 binds PA and PIP2in vitro, only PA is necessary and sufficient for membrane localization in cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Res Int
November 2025
Key Laboratory of Intelligent Food Logistic and Processing of Zhejiang Province, Food Science Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China. Electronic address:
Crab encounters obstacles like elevated transportation expense and diminished survival rate. In the study, the effects of cold anesthesia (CA), including fast cooling (FC) and slow cooling (SC) anesthesia on the vitality state and muscle quality of Chinese mitten crab were researched. We found firstly that the CA dormancy temperature range of Chinese mitten crab was identified from -2 to 10 °C, and 7 °C was optimal.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
September 2025
Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304.
The biophysical properties of single cells are crucial for understanding cellular function and behavior in biology and medicine. However, precise manipulation of cells in 3-D microfluidic environments remains challenging, particularly for heterogeneous populations. Here, we present "Electro-LEV," a unique platform integrating electromagnetic and magnetic levitation principles for dynamic 3-D control of cell position during separation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Vis Exp
August 2025
Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM); Programmes de biologie moléculaire, Université de Montréal; Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal;
Embryonic tissue growth and patterning are largely controlled by signals exchanged locally between cell populations within the tissues themselves. Cytonemes are a type of signaling filopodia first identified in Drosophila that connect and mediate exchange between signal-producing and signal-receiving cells. In the developing Drosophila wing imaginal disc, cytonemes are involved in signal exchange between distinct populations of cells within the disc proper (DP) epithelium, which will form the adult wing, as well as between DP cells and cells in adjacent disc-associated tissues.
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