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Dicarboranes generally adopt global minimum predicted by the well-known Wade-Mingos rules, although one classical non-closo structure in the benzvalene form has long been pursued and later synthesized. Here we predicted two new non-closo global minima for 6-vertex dicarboranes (C2B4R6), i.e., trigonal bipyramid (R = SH) and butterfly (R = Cl, NH2, OH, F). The long expected classical benzvalene-like structure, however, is not the global minimum for any of the nine substituents.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9cc02557j | DOI Listing |
J Chem Phys
September 2025
Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry. Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom.
Folding and unfolding in molecules as simple as short hydrocarbons and as complicated as large proteins continue to be an active research field. Here, we investigate folding in n-C14H30 using both density functional theory (DFT)/B3LYP calculations of 27 772 local minima and a kinetic transition network calculated for a previously reported potential energy surface (PES) obtained by fitting roughly 250 000 B3LYP energies. In addition to generating a database of minima and the transition states that connect them, these calculations and the PES based on them have been used to develop a simple and accurate model for the energy landscape.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInorg Chem
September 2025
The Key Laboratory of the Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage of Shanxi Province, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, People's Republic of China.
For over half a century, clusters exhibiting unconventional bonding have captivated researchers due to their unique electronic characteristics. While most elements in the periodic table demonstrate this remarkable structural feature, sulfur has been notably absent from known global minima with a planar pentacoordinate center. Herein, we report the first binary dianion cluster, SMg, featuring a planar pentacoordinate sulfur (ppS) atom.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
August 2025
State Key Laboratory of Geomicrobiology and Environmental Changes, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, China.
Earth's climate has been dominated by ~100-kyr glacial cycles over the past ~800 ka, yet the mechanism remains debated. Here, we present correlation analyses of spectral power ratios of global records spanning the past 2.7 Ma, revealing a persistent anticorrelation between ~21-kyr and ~100-kyr power ratios, but no significant relationship between ~41-kyr and ~100-kyr power ratios.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Adv
August 2025
Institute of Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zürich, Switzerland.
Supercell thunderstorms are the most hazardous thunderstorm category and particularly impactful to society. Their monitoring is challenging and often confined to the radar networks of single countries. By exploiting kilometer-scale climate simulations, we have derived a previously unknown characterization of supercell occurrence in Europe for the current and a warmer climate.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Chem Chem Phys
August 2025
Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia.
A two-stage GridSearch combined with active learning was employed to optimize GAP model parameters for Mg clusters, enabling reliable structural predictions in the extrapolative domain Mg, > 50. Global optimization using the parameterized GAP model revealed energetically favorable Mg-Mg clusters, showing early onset of pyramidal core formation previously reported only from Mg. Global optimization identified new global minima candidates for the "magic" Mg, Mg, Mg and Mg clusters.
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