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Article Abstract

The application of phosphorodiamidate technology to pyrimidine and purine nucleosides with anticancer activity to potentially overcome the resistance mechanisms associated with parent nucleosides is reported. Sixteen symmetrical phosphorodiamidates were prepared from the natural amino acids l-alanine and glycine. All the compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity against a wide panel of solid and leukaemic tumour cell lines. In addition, a carboxypeptidase Y assay was performed on a representative phosphorodiamidate in order to reveal the putative bioactivation pathway for the reported phosphorodiamidate-type prodrugs.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cmdc.201800504DOI Listing

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The application of phosphorodiamidate technology to pyrimidine and purine nucleosides with anticancer activity to potentially overcome the resistance mechanisms associated with parent nucleosides is reported. Sixteen symmetrical phosphorodiamidates were prepared from the natural amino acids l-alanine and glycine. All the compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity against a wide panel of solid and leukaemic tumour cell lines.

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Symmetrical diamidate prodrugs of nucleotide analogues for drug delivery.

Curr Protoc Nucleic Acid Chem

March 2015

School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3XF, United Kingdom.

The use of pronucleotides to circumvent the well-known drawbacks of nucleotide analogs has played a significant role in the area of antiviral and anticancer drug delivery. Several motifs have been designed to mask the negative charges on the phosphorus moiety of either nucleoside monophosphates or nucleoside phosphonates, in order to increase their hydrophobicity and allow entry of the compound into the cell. Among them the bis-amidate analogs, having two identical amino acids as masking groups through a P-N bond, represent a more recent approach for the delivery of nucleotide analogs, endowed with antiviral or anticancer activity.

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We herein report phosphorodiamidates as a significant new phosphate prodrug motif. Sixty-seven phosphorodiamidates are reported of two 6-O-alkyl 2'-C-methyl guanosines, with significant variation in the diamidate structure. Both symmetrical and asymmetric phosphorodiamidates are reported, derived from various esterified amino acids, both d and l, and also from various simple amines.

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