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http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/carcin/bgy081 | DOI Listing |
Front Toxicol
July 2024
Agency for Prevention, Environment and Energy (Arpae), Bologna, Italy.
Di(ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a ubiquitous environmental contaminant to which humans are exposed via multiple routes. Human health risk assessments for this substance have recently been updated, focusing on reproductive toxicity, including DEHP, in the list of chemicals classified as carcinogenic, mutagenic, or toxic to reproduction (CMR). Moreover, DEHP has also been defined as probably and possibly carcinogenic to humans based on its carcinogenicity in rodents.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
March 2023
Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, UK Health Security Agency, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Chilton OX11 0RQ, UK.
The history of the development of the cell transformation assays (CTAs) is described, providing an overview of in vitro cell transformation from its origin to the new transcriptomic-based CTAs. Application of this knowledge is utilized to address how the different types of CTAs, variously addressing initiation and promotion, can be included on a mechanistic basis within the integrated approach to testing and assessment (IATA) for non-genotoxic carcinogens. Building upon assay assessments targeting the key events in the IATA, we identify how the different CTA models can appropriately fit, following preceding steps in the IATA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
July 2022
Department of Environmental Health, Agency for Prevention, Environment and Energy, Emilia-Romagna, Viale Filopanti, I-40126 Bologna, Italy.
The Transformics Assay is an in vitro test which combines the BALB/c 3T3 Cell Transformation Assay (CTA) with microarray transcriptomics. It has been shown to improve upon the mechanistic understanding of the CTA, helping to identify mechanisms of action leading to chemical-induced transformation thanks to RNA extractions in specific time points along the process of in vitro transformation. In this study, the lowest transforming concentration of the carcinogenic benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P) has been tested in order to find molecular signatures of initial events relevant for oncotransformation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCarcinogenesis
July 2018
Center for Environmental Toxicology, Agency for Prevention, Environment and Energy, Emilia-Romagna, Viale Filopanti, Bologna, Italy.
Carcinogenesis
July 2018
Center for Environmental Toxicology, Agency for Prevention, Environment and Energy, Emilia-Romagna, Viale Filopanti, Bologna, Italy.
The development of alternative methods to animal testing is a priority in the context of regulatory toxicology. Carcinogenesis is a field where the demand for alternative methods is particularly high. The standard rodent carcinogenicity bioassay requires a large use of animals, high costs, prolonged duration and shows several limitations, which can affect the comprehension of the human relevance of animal carcinogenesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF