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Article Abstract
This review article focuses on the mechanisms underlying temperature adaptation and virulence of the etiologic agents of blastomycosis, , , and . In response to temperature, undergoes a reversible morphologic switch between hyphae and yeast known as the phase transition. The conversion to yeast for and related thermally dimorphic fungi is essential for virulence. In the yeast phase, upregulates the essential virulence factor, BAD1, which promotes attachment to host cells, impairs activation of immune cells, and blunts cytokine release. yeast also secrete dipeptidyl-peptidase IVA (DPPIVA), a serine protease that blunts the action of cytokines released from host immune cells. transcriptional profiling of yeast has uncovered genes such as and involved in zinc scavenging that contribute to virulence during murine pulmonary infection. The discovery and characterization of genes important for virulence has led to advances at the bedside regarding novel diagnostics, vaccine development, and new targets for drug discovery.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6779398 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21505594.2018.1449506 | DOI Listing |
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